During the past several decades American males' relationship to the reproductive realm has undergone a significant transformation, and current societal conditions are likely to produce additional changes. The present analysis introduces a conceptual framework to describe and assess critically the nature and potential consequences of men's experiences in this life sphere. The conceptual linchpins of this analysis include two specific social-psychological concepts, procreative consciousness and procreative responsibility. These concepts are introduced and developed in relation to males' partner, father, and sex role identities. The discussion of these dynamic, interrelated concepts is informed by recent changes, current patterns, and future projections of males' relationship to the reproductive realm. Finally, key factors related to men's procreative experiences are identified and a basic agenda for research and social policy debate that focuses on contraception and custodial care/child support issues is proposed.
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