Some uncommon lymphoproliferative and histiocytic disorders may present with an aggressive course and require hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) as part of the therapeutic approach.
Methods
Published research on the use of HSCT for the treatment of these disorders was reviewed and summarized.
Results
Allogeneic HSCT may be indicated in patients with blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasia, familial or secondary recurrent hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, and resistant Langerhans cell histiocytosis. Autologous HSCT may be considered in patients with Castleman disease resistant to treatment. No role has been established for the use of HSCT for dendritic cell sarcoma.
Conclusions
HSCT has an evolving role in the treatment of select aggressive lymphoproliferative and histiocytic disorders.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
Roos-WeilD., DietrichS., BoumendilA.. Stem cell transplantation can provide durable disease control in blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm: a retrospective study from the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation.Blood.2013; 121(3): 440–446.
2.
JordanM.B., FilipovichA.H.. Hematopoietic cell transplantation for hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: a journey of a thousand miles begins with a single (big) step.Bone Marrow Transplant.2008; 42(7): 433–437.
3.
KudoK., OhgaS., MorimotoA.. Improved outcome of refractory Langerhans cell histiocytosis in children with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in Japan.Bone Marrow Transplant.2010; 45(5): 901–906.
4.
AdamZ., VeselýK., KrejcíM.,. Interdigitating dendritic cell sarcoma of lower extremities resistant to high dose chemotherapy BEAM with peripheral blood stem cell transplantation [in Czech].Vnitr Lek.2009; 55(2): 147–157.
5.
GantiA.K., PipinosI., CulceaE.. Successful hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation in multicentric Castleman disease complicated by POEMS syndrome.Am J Hematol.2005; 79(3): 206–210.
6.
BrodyJ.P., AllenS., SchulmanP.. Acute agranular CD4-positive natural killer cell leukemia. Comprehensive clinicopathologic studies including virologic and in vitro culture with inducing agents.Cancer.1995; 75(10): 2474–2483.
7.
SwerdlowS.H., CampoE., HarrisN.L., eds. WHO Classification of Tumours of Haematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues.4th ed.Lyon, France: IARC Press; 2008.
8.
ChaperotL., BendrissN., ManchesO.. Identification of a leukemic counterpart of the plasmacytoid dendritic cells.Blood.2001; 97(10): 3210–3217.
9.
PetrellaT., ComeauM.R., MaynadiéM.,. ‘Agranular CD4+ CD56+ hematodermic neoplasm’ (blastic NK-cell lymphoma) originates from a population of CD56+ precursor cells related to plasmacytoid monocytes.Am J Surg Pathol.2002; 26(7): 852–862.
10.
HallermannC., MiddelP., GriesingerF.. CD4+ CD56+ blastic tumor of the skin: cytogenetic observations and further evidence of an origin from plasmocytoid dendritic cells.Eur J Dermatol.2004; 14(5): 317–322.
11.
MarafiotiT., PatersonJ.C., BallabioE.. Novel markers of normal and neoplastic human plasmacytoid dendritic cells.Blood.2008; 111(7): 3778–3792.
12.
FeuillardJ., JacobM.C., ValensiF.. Clinical and biologic features of CD4(+)CD56(+) malignancies.Blood.2002; 99(5): 1556–1563.
13.
JuliaF., PetrellaT., Beylot-BarryM.. Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm: clinical features in 90 patients.Br J Dermatol.2013; 169(3): 579–586.
14.
RauhM.J., RahmanF., GoodD.. Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm with leukemic presentation, lacking cutaneous involvement: case series and literature review.Leuk Res.2012; 36(1): 81–86.
15.
PaganoL., ValentiniC.G., PulsoniA.. Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm with leukemic presentation: an Italian multicenter study.Haematologica.2013; 98(2): 239–246.
16.
LerouxD., MugneretF., CallananM.. CD4(+), CD56(+) DC2 acute leukemia is characterized by recurrent clonal chromosomal changes affecting 6 major targets: a study of 21 cases by the Groupe Français de Cytogénétique Hématologique.Blood.2002; 99(11): 4154–4159.
Kharfan-DabajaM.A., LazarusH.M., NishihoriT.. Diagnostic and therapeutic advances in blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm: a focus on hematopoietic cell transplantation.Biol Blood Marrow Transplant.2013; 19(7): 1006–1012.
19.
DietrichS., AndrulisM., HegenbartU.. Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasia (BPDC) in elderly patients: results of a treatment algorithm employing allogeneic stem cell transplantation with moderately reduced conditioning intensity.Biol Blood Marrow Transplant.2011; 17(8): 1250–1254.
20.
RamanathanM., CernyJ., YuH.. A combination treatment approach and cord blood stem cell transplant for blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm.Haematologica.2013; 98(3): e36.
21.
UsmaniG.N., WodaB.A., NewburgerP.E.. Advances in understanding the pathogenesis of HLH.Br J Haematol.2013; 161(5): 609–622.
22.
HenterJ., ElinderG., OstA.; FHL Study Group of the Histiocyte Society. Diagnostic guidelines for hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.Semin Oncol.1991; 18(1): 29–33.
23.
FeldmannJ., CallebautI., RaposoG.. Munc13-4 is essential for cytolytic granules fusion and is mutated in a form of familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (FHL3).Cell.2003; 115(4): 461–473.
24.
AricoM., ImashukuS., ClementiR.. Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis due to germline mutations in SH2D1A, the X-linked lymphoproliferative disease gene.Blood.2001; 97(4): 1131–1133.
25.
JankaG.E.. Familial and acquired hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.Eur J Pediatr.2007; 166(2): 95–109.
26.
SanalO., ErsoyF., TezcanI.. Griscelli disease: genotype-phenotype correlation in an array of clinical heterogeneity.J Clin Immunol.2002; 22(4): 237–243.
RisdallR.J., McKennaR.W., NesbitM.E.. Virus-associated hemophagocytic syndrome: a benign histiocytic proliferation distinct from malignant histiocytosis.Cancer.1979; 44(3): 993–1002.
29.
JayakrishnanM.P., VenyJ., FerozeM.. Rickettsial infection with hemophagocytosis.Trop Doct.2011; 41(2): 111–112.
30.
FardetL., LambotteO., MeynardJ.L.. Reactive haemophagocytic syndrome in 58 HIV-1-infected patients: clinical features, underlying diseases and prognosis.AIDS.2010; 24(9): 1299–1306.
31.
Van KoeveringeM., BrouwerR.E.. Histoplasma capsulatum reactivation with haemophagocytic syndrome in a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia.Neth J Med.2010; 68(12): 418–421.
32.
JankaG., ImashukuS., ElinderG.. Infection- and malignancy-associated hemophagocytic syndromes. Secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.Hematol Oncol Clin North Am.1998; 12(2): 435–444.
33.
KoizumiK., HaseyamaY., MachinoR.. The hemophagocytic syndrome in prostate cancer revealed by disseminated carcinomatosis of the bone marrow.J Urol.2002; 168(3): 1101–1102.
34.
García-SuárezJ., BañasH., KrsnikI.. Hemophagocytic syndrome associated with retinoic acid syndrome in acute promyelocytic leukemia.Am J Hematol.2004; 76(2): 172–175.
HanA.R., LeeH.R., ParkB.B.. Lymphoma-associated hemophagocytic syndrome: clinical features and treatment outcome.Ann Hematol.2007; 86(7): 493–498.
37.
JordanM.B., AllenC.E., WeitzmanS.. How I treat hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.Blood.2011; 118(15): 4041–4052.
38.
HenterJ.I., Samuelsson-HorneA., AricóM. Treatment of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis with HLH-94 immunochemotherapy and bone marrow transplantation.Blood.2002; 100(7): 2367–2373.
39.
HuY., XuJ., WangL.. Treatment of haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis with cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisone.Swiss Med Wkly.2012; 142: w13512.
40.
ShinH.J., ChungJ.S., LeeJ.J.. Treatment outcomes with CHOP chemotherapy in adult patients with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.J Korean Med Sci.2008; 23(3): 439–444.
41.
MarshR.A., AllenC.E., McClainK.L.. Salvage therapy of refractory hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis with alemtuzumab.Pediatr Blood Cancer.2013; 60(1): 101–109.
42.
FischerA., Cerf-BensussanN., BlancheS.. Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for erythrophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.J Pediatr.1986; 108(2): 267–270.
43.
TodoS., FujiwaraF., IkushimaS.. Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for familial erythrophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, with high dose VP16-containing conditioning regimen.Leuk Lymphoma.1990; 1 (5-6): 361–364.
44.
BlancheS., CanigliaM., GiraultD.. Treatment of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis with chemotherapy and bone marrow transplantation: a single-center study of 22 cases.Blood.1991; 78(1): 51–54.
Ouachée-ChardinM., ElieC., de Saint BasileG.. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: a single-center report of 48 patients.Pediatrics.2006; 117(4): e743–e750.
47.
CooperN., RaoK., GilmourK.. Stem cell transplantation with reduced-intensity conditioning for hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.Blood.2006; 107(3): 1233–1236.
48.
CesaroS., LocatelliF., LaninoE.. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: a retrospective analysis of data from the Italian Association of Pediatric Hematology Oncology (AIEOP).Haematologica.2008; 93(11): 1694–1701.
49.
MarshR.A., KimM.O., LiuC.. An intermediate alemtuzumab schedule reduces the incidence of mixed chimerism following reduced-intensity conditioning hematopoietic cell transplantation for hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.Biol Blood Marrow Transplant.2013; 19(11): 1625–1631.
50.
KunitomiA., KimuraH., ItoY.. Unrelated bone marrow transplantation induced long-term remission in a patient with life-threatening Epstein-Barr virus-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.J Clin Exp Hematop.2011; 51(1): 57–61.
51.
MachaczkaM., NahiH., KarbachH.. Successful treatment of recurrent malignancy-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis with a modified HLH-94 immunochemotherapy and allogeneic stem cell transplantation.Med Oncol.2012; 29(2): 1231–1236.
52.
AyalaE., ChalhoubJ., Kharfan-DabajaM.A.. Umbilical cord blood transplantation induces a durable remission in hepatosplenic gamma-delta T cell lymphoma with associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.Am J Hematol.2014; 89(9): 934–935.
53.
GirschikofskyM., AricoM., CastilloD.. Management of adult patients with Langerhans cell histiocytosis: recommendations from an expert panel on behalf of Euro-Histio-Net.Orphanet J Rare Dis.2013; 8: 72.
54.
AricóM., GirschikofskyM., GénéreauT.. Langerhans cell histiocytosis in adults. Report from the International Registry of the Histiocyte Society.Eur J Cancer.2003; 39(16): 2341–2348.
55.
BroadbentV., GadnerH.. Current therapy for Langerhans cell histiocytosis.Hematol Oncol Clin North Am.1998; 12(2): 327–338.
56.
CantuM.A., LupoP.J., BilgiM.. Optimal therapy for adults with Langerhans cell histiocytosis bone lesions.PloS One.2012; 7(8): e43257.
57.
DerenziniE., FinaM., StefoniV.. MACOP-B regimen in the treatment of adult Langerhans cell histiocytosis: experience on seven patients.Ann Oncol.2010; 21(6): 1173–1178.
MontellaL., MerolaC., MerolaG.. Zoledronic acid in treatment of bone lesions by Langerhans cell histiocytosis.J Bone Min Metab.2009; 27(1): 110–113.
60.
AdamZ., RehákZ., KoukalováR. Lenalidomide induced therapeutic response in a patient with aggressive multi-system Langerhans cell histiocytosis resistant to 2-chloro-deoxyadenosine and early relapsing after high-dose BEAM chemotherapy with autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation [in Czech].Vnitr Lek.2012; 58(1): 62–71.
IngramW., DesaiS., GibbsJ.. Reduced-intensity conditioned allogeneic haematopoietic transplantation in an adult with Langerhans’ cell histiocytosis and thrombocytopenia with absent radii.Bone Marrow Transplant.2006; 37(7): 713–715.
63.
SorianoA.O., ThompsonM.A., AdmirandJ.H.. Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma: a report of 14 cases and a review of the literature.Am J Hematol.2007; 82(8): 725–728.
64.
ChanJ.K., FletcherC.D., NaylerS.J.. Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma. Clinicopathologic analysis of 17 cases suggesting a malignant potential higher than currently recognized.Cancer.1997; 79(2): 294–313.
65.
ShinagareA.B., RamaiyaN.H., JagannathanJ.P.. Primary follicular dendritic cell sarcoma of liver treated with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone regimen and surgery.J Clin Oncol.2011; 29(35): e849–e851.
66.
LeeS.Y., LeeS.R., ChangW.J.. Successful treatment of disseminated interdigitating dendritic cell sarcoma with adriamycin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine chemotherapy.Korean J Hematol.2012; 47(2): 150–153.
67.
TalatN., SchulteK.M.. Castleman's disease: systematic analysis of 416 patients from the literature.Oncologist.2011; 16(9): 1316–1324.
68.
DispenzieriA., ArmitageJ.O., LoeM.J.. The clinical spectrum of Castleman's disease.Am J Hematol.2012; 87(11): 997–1002.
