100 undergraduates learned lists of high- or low-imagery nouns arranged in one column (ungrouped) or in three columns (grouped). Grouped-list recall was significantly greater than ungrouped on the third and fourth trials. This effect was independent of level of imagery. Spatial grouping seems to provide important cues which are independent of the words learned.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
DeckerW. H.Spatial grouping and free recall. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 1977, 45, 34. (a).
2.
DeckerW. H.Spatial grouping and retroactive inhibition in free recall. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 1977, 45, 1308–1310. (b).
3.
PaivioA.YuilleJ. C.MadiganS.Concreteness, imagery, and meaningfulness values for 925 nouns. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 1968, 76 (1, Pt. 2).
4.
PaivioA.YuilleJ. C.RogersT. B.Noun imagery and meaningfulness in free and serial recall. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 1969, 79, 509–514.
5.
TulvingE.McNultyJ. A.OzierM.Vividness of words and learning to learn in free-recall learning. Canadian Journal of Psychology, 1965, 19, 242–252.