This study addresses the effects of testing temperature and speed on carbon woven fibre-reinforced polyamide 6 composites (CF/PA6) with or without polyurethane dispersion (PUD) surface treatment. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) was employed to check visco-elastic properties of CF/PA6 laminates. CF/PA6 laminates with and without surface treatment are tested and evaluated by three-point bending tests. Five testing temperatures (30°C, 60°C, 90°C, 120°C, 150°C) and three testing speeds (0.1, 1, 10 mm min−1) were chosen to investigate the time-temperature behaviour of CF/PA6 laminates. Results showed that PUD surface-treated CF/PA6 laminates exhibited better performance on mechanical properties but lower viscosity at various testing conditions owing to enhanced interfacial bonding capability.
MaY, YangY, SugaharaT, A study on the failure behavior and mechanical properties of unidirectional fiber reinforced thermosetting and thermoplastic composites. Composites Part B: Engineering. 2016;99:162–172. doi: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2016.06.005
2.
MaY, ZhangY, SugaharaT, Off-axis tensile fatigue assessment based on residual strength for the unidirectional 45 carbon fiber-reinforced composite at room temperature. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing. 2016;90:711–723. doi: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2016.09.001
3.
MaY, UedaM, YokozekiT, A comparative study of the mechanical properties and failure behavior of carbon fiber/epoxy and carbon fiber/polyamide 6 unidirectional composites. Composite Structures. 2017;160:89–99. doi: 10.1016/j.compstruct.2016.10.037
4.
MaY, UedaM, YokozekiT, Investigation of the flexural properties and failure behavior of unidirectional CF/nylon 6 and CF/epoxy composites. Open Journal of Composite Materials. 2017;7(04):227. doi: 10.4236/ojcm.2017.74016
5.
MaY, YokozekiT, UedaM, Effect of polyurethane dispersion as surface treatment for carbon fabrics on mechanical properties of carbon/nylon composites. Composites Science and Technology. 2017;151:268–281. doi: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2017.08.031
6.
YangY, ZhangZ, MaY, Effect of polyurethane dispersion treatment on the performance improvement of carbon woven fabric-reinforced composites. Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials. 2017;0892705717704487.
7.
CostaC, FonsecaA, SerraA, Dynamic mechanical thermal analysis of polymer composites reinforced with natural fibers. Polymer Reviews. 2016;56(2):362–383. doi: 10.1080/15583724.2015.1108334
8.
FerryJD.Viscoelastic properties of polymers. NY: John Wiley & Sons; 1980.
9.
DeyM, DeitzelJ, GillespieJ, Influence of sizing formulations on glass/epoxy interphase properties. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing. 2014;63:59–67. doi: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2014.04.006
10.
Valadez-GonzalezA, Cervantes-UcJ, OlayoR, Effect of fiber surface treatment on the fiber–matrix bond strength of natural fiber reinforced composites. Composites Part B: Engineering. 1999;30(3):309–320. doi: 10.1016/S1359-8368(98)00054-7
11.
FuS-Y, FengX-Q, LaukeB, Effects of particle size, particle/matrix interface adhesion and particle loading on mechanical properties of particulate–polymer composites. Composites Part B: Engineering. 2008;39(6):933–961. doi: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2008.01.002
12.
ZhouH, MishnaevskyL, YiH, Carbon fiber/carbon nanotube reinforced hierarchical composites: effect of CNT distribution on shearing strength. Composites Part B: Engineering. 2016;88:201–211. doi: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2015.10.035
13.
KimKJ, KimJ, YuW-R, Improved tensile strength of carbon fibers undergoing catalytic growth of carbon nanotubes on their surface. Carbon. 2013;54:258–267. doi: 10.1016/j.carbon.2012.11.037
14.
KundalwalS, RayM.Effect of carbon nanotube waviness on the effective thermoelastic properties of a novel continuous fuzzy fiber reinforced composite. Composites Part B: Engineering. 2014;57:199–209. doi: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2013.10.003
15.
Valadez-GonzalezA, Cervantes-UcJ, OlayoR, Chemical modification of henequen fibers with an organosilane coupling agent. Composites Part B: Engineering. 1999;30(3):321–331. doi: 10.1016/S1359-8368(98)00055-9
16.
KabirM, WangH, LauK, Chemical treatments on plant-based natural fibre reinforced polymer composites: An overview. Composites Part B: Engineering. 2012;43(7):2883–2892. doi: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2012.04.053
17.
CechV, KnobA, HoseinH-A, Enhanced interfacial adhesion of glass fibers by tetravinylsilane plasma modification. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing. 2014;58:84–89. doi: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2013.12.003
18.
KurniawanD, KimBS, LeeHY, Atmospheric pressure glow discharge plasma polymerization for surface treatment on sized basalt fiber/polylactic acid composites. Composites Part B: Engineering. 2012;43(3):1010–1014. doi: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2011.11.007
19.
YueC, PadmanabhanK.Interfacial studies on surface modified kevlar fibre/epoxy matrix composites. Composites Part B: Engineering. 1999;30(2):205–217. doi: 10.1016/S1359-8368(98)00053-5
20.
ZhangJ, DengS, WangY, Effect of nanoparticles on interfacial properties of carbon fibre–epoxy composites. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing. 2013;55:35–44. doi: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2013.08.005
21.
VlasveldD, ParlevlietP, BerseeH, Fibre–matrix adhesion in glass-fibre reinforced polyamide-6 silicate nanocomposites. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing. 2005;36(1):1–11. doi: 10.1016/S1359-835X(04)00186-1
22.
LiaoM, YangY, HamadaH.Mechanical performance of glass woven fabric composite: effect of different surface treatment agents. Composites Part B: Engineering. 2016;86:17–26. doi: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2015.08.084
23.
RaghavanJ, MeshiiM.Creep rupture of polymer composites. Composites Science and Technology. 1997;57(4):375–388. doi: 10.1016/S0266-3538(96)00156-X
24.
AchaBA, ReboredoMM, MarcovichNE.Creep and dynamic mechanical behavior of PP–jute composites: effect of the interfacial adhesion. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing. 2007;38(6):1507–1516. doi: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2007.01.003
25.
ZhouH, LiuH-Y, ZhouH, On adhesive properties of nano-silica/epoxy bonded single-lap joints. Materials & Design. 2016;95:212–218. doi: 10.1016/j.matdes.2016.01.055
26.
Afaghi-KhatibiA, MaiY-W.Characterisation of fibre/matrix interfacial degradation under cyclic fatigue loading using dynamic mechanical analysis. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing. 2002;33(11):1585–1592. doi: 10.1016/S1359-835X(02)00117-3
27.
DongS, GauvinR.Application of dynamic mechanical analysis for the study of the interfacial region in carbon fiber/epoxy composite materials. Polymer Composites. 1993;14(5):414–420. doi: 10.1002/pc.750140508
28.
ASTM D. 7264/D 7261M–07. Standard test method for flexural properties of polymer matrix composite materials.
29.
DetassisM, PegorettiA, MigliaresiC.Effect of temperature and strain rate on interfacial shear stress transfer in carbon/epoxy model composites. Composites Science and Technology. 1995;53(1):39–46. doi: 10.1016/0266-3538(94)00069-7
30.
AbbasiA, HoggPJ.Temperature and environmental effects on glass fibre rebar: modulus, strength and interfacial bond strength with concrete. Composites Part B: Engineering. 2005;36(5):394–404. doi: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2005.01.006
31.
PegorettiA, Della VolpeC, DetassisM, Thermomechanical behaviour of interfacial region in carbon fibre/epoxy composites. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing. 1996;27(11):1067–1074. doi: 10.1016/1359-835X(96)00065-6
32.
ThomasonJ, YangL.Temperature dependence of the interfacial shear strength in glass–fibre polypropylene composites. Composites Science and Technology. 2011;71(13):1600–1605. doi: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2011.07.006
