ArthurJRBeckettGJ. New metabolic roles for selenium. Proc Nutr Soc1994; 53: 615–24.
7.
RaymanMP. Dietary selenium: time to act. BMJ1997; 314: 387–8.
8.
ClarkLCCombsGFJrTurnbullBWSlateEHChalkerDChowJEffects of selenium supplementation for cancer prevention in patients with carcinoma of the skin. J Am Med Assoc1996; 276: 1957–63.
SpallholzJA. On the nature of selenium toxicity and carcinostatic activity. Free Radic Biol Med1994; 17: 45–64.
11.
BeckMAShiQMorrisVCLevanderOA. Rapid genomic evolution of a non-virulent Coxsackie virus B3 in selenium-deficient mice results in selection of identical virulent isolates. Nat Med1995; 1: 433–6.
12.
YangGWangSZhouRSunS. Endemic selenium intoxication of humans in China. Am J Clin Nutr1983; 37: 872–81.
13.
LombeckIMenzelHFroschD. Acute selenium poisoning of a 2-year-old child. Eur J Paediatr1987; 146: 308–12.
14.
ClarkRFStrukleEWilliamsSRManoguerraAS. Selenium poisoning from a nutritional supplement. J Am Med Assoc1996; 275: 1087–8.
15.
RutaDAHaiderS. Attempted murder by selenium poisoning. BMJ1989; 299: 316–7.
16.
LauwerysRRHoctP. Industrial Chemical Exposure. Guidelines for Biological Monitoring. 2nd edn.Boca Raton, Florida: Lewis Publishers, 1993:86–90.
17.
XiaYPiaoJHillKEBurkRF. Keshan Disease and selenium status of populations in China. In: BurkeRF, ed. Selenium in Biology and Human Health. New York: Springer-Verlag; 1994:183–96.
18.
JiangYi-FangGuang-LuXu. The relativity between some epidemiological characteristics of Kashin—Beck Disease and selenium deficiency. In: WendelA, ed. Selenium in Biology and Medicine. Berlin: Springer-Verlag; 1989:263–9.
19.
LaneHWBarrosoAOEnglertDDudrickSJMacFaddenBS. Selenium status of seven chronic intravenous hyperalimentation patients. J Parent Ent Nutr1982; 6: 426–31.
20.
ShenkinAFellGSHallsDJDunbarPMHolbrookIBIrvingMH. Essential trace element provision to patients receiving home intravenous nutrition in the United Kingdom. Clin Nutr1986; 5: 91–7.
21.
SmithDKTeagueRJMcAdamPAFeldmanDSFeldmanEB. Selenium status of malnourished hospitalized patients. J Am Coll Nutr1986; 5: 243–52.
22.
Lloyd-StillJDGantherHE. Selenium and glutathione peroxidase levels in cystic fibrosis. Pediatrics1980; 65: 1010–2.
23.
CastilloRLandonCEckhardtKMorrisVLevanderOLewistonN. Selenium and vitamin E status in cystic fibrosis. J Pediatr1981; 99: 583–5.
24.
HinksLJInwardsKDLloydBClaytonBE. Body content of selenium in coeliac disease. BMJ1984; 288: 1862–3.
25.
CollinsBJBellPMMcMasterDLoveAHG. Selenium in coeliac disease. BMJ1984; 289: 439.
26.
LoeschkeKKonigAHaeberlinSTLuxF. Low blood selenium concentrations in Crohn's disease. Ann Intern Med1987; 106: 908.
27.
HinksLJInwardsKDLloydBClaytonB. Reduced concentrations of selenium in mild Crohn's disease. J Clin Pathol1988; 41: 198–201.
28.
Van Caille-BertrandMDegenhartHJFernandesJ. Selenium status of infants on nutritional support. Acta Paediatr Scand1984; 73: 816–9.
29.
LockitchGJacobsonBQuigleyGDisonPPendrayM. Selenium deficiency in low birth weight neonates: an unrecognised problem. J Pediatr1989; 114: 865–70.
30.
LitovRECombsGF. Selenium in paediatric nutrition. Pediatrics1991; 87: 339–51.
31.
FarriauxJPGhisolfiJNavarroJPutetGReyJRicourCSelenium in paediatric nutrition [in French]. Archives Françaises de Pédiutrie1993; 50: 715–9.
32.
SchellmanBRaithelHJSchallerKH. Acute fatal ‘selenium’ poisoning. Toxicological and occupational medical aspects. Arch Toxicol1986; 59: 61–3.
33.
NeveJ. Methods in determination of selenium status. J Trace Elem Electrolytes Health Dis1991; 5: 1–17.
34.
CohenHJBrownMRHamiltonDLyons-PattersonJAvissarNLiegeyP. Glutathione peroxidase and selenium deficiency in patients receiving home parenteral nutrition: time course for development of deficiency and repletion of enzyme activity in plasma and blood cells. Am J Clin Nutr1989; 49: 132–9.
35.
HillKEXiaYAkessonBBoeglinMEBurkeRF. Selenoprotein P concentration in plasma is an index of selenium status in selenium-deficient and selenium-supplemented Chinese subjects. J Nutr1996; 126: 138–45.
36.
ThomsonCD. Selenium speciation in human body fluids. Analyst1998; 123: 827–31.
37.
WillettWCStampferMJHunterDColditzGA. The epidemiology of selenium and human cancer. In: AitioAAroAJarvisaloJVainoH, eds. Trace Elements in Health and Disease. London: Royal Society of Chemistry; 1991; 141-55.
38.
ChenXYangGChenJChenXWenZGeK. Studies on the relations of selenium and Keshan disease. Biological Trace Element Research1980; 2: 91–107.
39.
TaylorA. Usefulness of measurements of trace elements in hair. Ann Clin Biochem1986; 23: 364–78.
RobberechtHDeelstraH. Factors influencing blood selenium concentration values: a literature review. J Trace Elem Electrolytes Health Dis1994; 8: 129–43.
42.
ThomsonCDRobinsonMF. The changing selenium status of New Zealand residents. Eur J Clin Nutr1996; 50: 107–14.
43.
JacobsenBELockitchG. Direct determination of selenium in serum by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry with deuterium background correction and a reduced palladium modifier: Age-specific reference ranges. Clin Chem1988; 34: 709–14.
44.
ThomasAGMillerVShenkinAFellGSTaylorF. Selenium and glutathione peroxidase status in paediatric health and gastrointestinal disease. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr1994; 19: 213–9.
45.
LyonTDBFellGSHallsDJClarkJMcKennaF. Determination of nine inorganic elements in human autopsy tissue. J Trace Elem Electrolytes Health Dis1989; 3: 109–18.
46.
DworkinBMRosenthalWSWormserGPWeissL. Selenium deficiency in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. J Parent Ent Nutr1986; 10: 405–7.
47.
HarrisonILittlejohnDFellGS. Distribution of selenium in human blood plasma and serum. Analyst1996; 121: 189–94.
48.
TaylorA. Detection and monitoring of disorders of essential trace elements. Ann Clin Biochem1996; 33: 486–510.
49.
FellGS. Trace metals in renal failure. In: TaylorA ed. Aluminium and Other Trace Elements in Renal Disease. London: Baillière Tindall; 1986:325–31.
50.
SattarNEatockFFellGSO'ReillyD. Selenium: an acute-phase reactant?Ann Clin Biochem1997; 34: 437–9.
51.
GloverJ. Selenium and its industrial toxicology. Industrial Medicine1970; 39: 50–54.
52.
SternerJHLidfeldtV. The selenium content of ‘normal’ urine. J Pharmacol Exp Therapeut1941; 73: 205–11.
53.
RaptisSEKaiserGTölgG. A survey of selenium in the environment and a critical review of its determination at trace levels. Fresenius Z Anal Chem1983; 316: 105–23.
54.
ArnaudJChappuisPClavelJPBeinvenuFFavierA. Measurement of selenium in biological matrices [in French]. Ann Biol Clin1986; 44: 459–69.
55.
ThomassenYLewisSAVeillonC. Selenium. In: HerberRFMStoepplerM, eds. Trace Element Analysis in Biological Specimens. Amsterdam: Elsevier; 1994:489–500.
56.
ParkerCAHarveyLG. Luminescence of some piazsclenols: a new fluorimetric reagent for selenium. Analyst1962; 87: 558–65.
57.
WatkinsonJH. Fluorometric determination of selenium in biological material with 2,3-diaminonapthalene. Anal Chem1966; 38: 92–7.
58.
SpallholzJECollinsGFSchwarzK. A single-test tube method for the fluorometric determination of selenium. Bioinorg Chem1978; 9: 453–9.
59.
LalondeLJeanYRobertsKDChapdelaineABleauG. Fluorometry of selenium in serum and urine. Clin Chem1982; 28: 172–4.
60.
KohTSBensonTH. Critical re-appraisal of fluorometric method for determination of selenium in biological materials. J Assoc Off Anal Chem1983; 66: 918–26.
61.
BayfieldRFRomalisRF. pH control in the fluorometric assay for selenium with 2,3-diaminonaphthalene. Anal Biochem1985; 144: 569–76.
62.
PetterssonJHanssonLÖrnemarkUOlinÅ. Fluorimetry of selenium in body fluids after digestion with nitric acid, magnesium nitrate hexahydrate, and hydrochloric acid. Clin Chem1988; 34: 1908–10.
63.
SheehanTMTGaoM. Simplified fluorometric assay of total selenium in plasma and urine. Clin Chem1990; 36; 2124–6.
64.
NeveJHanocqMMolleLLefebvreG. Study of some systematic errors during the determination of total selenium and some of its ionic species in biological materials. Analyst1982; 107: 934–41.
65.
InhatMWolynetzMSThomassenYVerlindenM. Interlaboratory trial on the determination of total selenium in lyophilized human blood serum. Pure Appl Chem1986; 58: 1063–76.
66.
NeveJThomassenYvan DammeM. Cooperative study on the measurement of concentrations of selenium in lyophilized (human whole) blood. Pure Appl Chem1992; 64: 765–89.
67.
WatkinsonJH. Semi-automated fluorimetric determination of nanogram quantities of selenium in biological materials. Anal Chim Acta1979; 105: 319–25.
68.
DucrosVRuffieuxDBelinNFavierA. Comparison of two digestion methods for the determination of selenium in biological materials. Analyst1994; 119; 1715–7.
69.
JohanssonKAnderssonÖOlinÅ. New speetrofluorometrie reagent, 2,3-diamino-1,4-bibromonaphthalene, for the determination of selenium in biological materials. Analyst1995; 120: 423–9.
70.
JohanssonKXiaoguangLuoOlinÅ. Rapid one-step derivatization of Se(VI) to a piazselenol for the speetrofluorometrie determination of selenium in biological material. Talanta1995; 42: 1979–87.
71.
Prohibition of certain substances hazardous to health for certain purposes. In: The Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations. London: HMSO, 1994:14.
72.
McLaughlinKDadgarDSmythMRMcMasterD. Determination of selenium in blood plasma and serum by flow injection hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry. Analyst1990; 115: 275–8.
73.
WelzBMelcherMNeveJ. Determination of selenium in human body fluids by hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry. Optimisation of sample decomposition. Anal Chim Acta1984; 165: 131–40.
74.
WelzBWolynetzMSVerlindenM. Interlaboratory trial on the determination of selenium in lyophilized human serum, whole blood and urine using hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry. Pure Appl Chem1987; 59: 929-36.
75.
BunkerVWDelvesHT. Accurate determination of selenium in biological materials without perchloric acid for digestion. Anal Chim Acta1987; 201: 331–4.
76.
TiranBTiranARossipalELorenzO. Simple decomposition procedure for determination of selenium in whole blood, serum and urine by hydride generation atomic absorption spectroscopy. J Trace Elem Electrolytes Health Dis1993; 7: 211–6.
77.
D'UlivoALampugnaniLSfetsiosIZambioniR. Studies on total selenium determination in biological samples by hydride generation non-dispersive atomic fluorescence spectrometry after hydrobromic acid/bromine wet digestion. Spectrochim Acta1993; 48B: 387–96.
78.
D'UlivoALampugnaniLSfetsiosIZambioniRForteC. Studies on the breakdown of organoselenium compounds in a hydrobromic acid bromine digestion system. Analyst1994; 119: 633–40.
79.
Van DaelPVan CauwenberghRRobberechtHDeelstraHCalommeM. Determination of selenium in human serum using electrothermal atomization with longitudinal Zeeman-effect background correction or flow injection hydride generation. Atomic Spectrosc1995; 16: 251–5.
80.
WelzBSchubert-JacobsM. Evaluation of a How-injection system and optimization of parameters for hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry. Atomic Spectrosc1991; 12: 91–104.
81.
D'UlivoALampugnaniLZamboniR. Combined electrothermally heated quartz tube-flame atomizer for the hydride generation non-dispersive atomic fluorescence determination of selenium. J Anal At Spectrom1990; 5: 225–9.
82.
SampsonB. Determination of selenium in serum by electrothermal atomisation atomic absorption spectrometry with deuterium-arc background correction. J Anal At Spectrom1987; 2: 447–50.
83.
GardinerPHELittlejohnDHallsDJFellGS. Direct determination of selenium in human blood serum and plasma by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry. J Truce Elements Med Biol1995; 9: 74–81.
84.
RadziukBThomassenY. Chemical modification and spectral interferences in selenium determination using Zeeman-effect electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry. J Anal At Spectrom1992; 7: 397–403.
85.
SaeedKThomassenYLangmyhrFJ. Direct electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometric determination of selenium in serum. Anal Chim Acta1979; 110: 285–9.
86.
SchlemmerGWelzB. Palladium and magnesium nitrates, a more universal modifier for graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. Spectrochim Acta1986; 41B: 1157–65.
87.
Voth-BeachLMShraderDE. Investigations of a reduced palladium chemical modifier for graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. J Anal At Spectrom1987; 2: 45–50.
88.
KnowlesBBrodieKG. Determination of selenium in blood by Zeeman graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry using a palladium-ascorbic acid chemical modifier. J Anal At Spectrom1988; 3: 511–6.
89.
KnowlesMBBrodieKG. Determination of selenium in serum by Zeeman graphite furnacc atomic absorption spectrometry using a palladium-ascorbic acid chemical modifier. J Anal At Spectrom1989; 4: 305.
90.
JohannesscnJKGammelgaardBJonsOHansenSH. Comparison of chemical modifiers for simultaneous determination of different selenium compounds in serum and urine by Zeeman-effect electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry. J Anal At Spectrom1993; 8: 999–1004.
91.
LeBlancA. Urine selenium determination by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry: influence of urinary phosphates on the trimethylselenonium ion signal. J Anal At Spectrom1996; 11: 1093–8.
92.
GammelgaardBJonsO. Comparison of palladium chemical modifiers for the determination of selenium in plasma by Zeeman-effect background corrected electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry. J Anal At Spectrom1997; 12: 465–70.
93.
DcakerMMaherW. Determination of selenium in seleno-compounds and marine biological tissues using electrothermal atomization atomic absorption spectrometry. J Anal At Spectrum1995; 10: 423–31.
94.
McMasterDBellNAndersonPLoveAHG. Automated measurement of two indicators of human selenium status and applicability to population studies. Clin Chem1990; 36: 211–6.
95.
PaschalDCKimberlyMM. Direct determination of selenium in serum by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry. At Spectrosc1986; 7: 75–8.
96.
MorisiGPatriarcaMMenottiA. Improved determination of selenium in serum by Zeeman atomic absorption spectrometry. Clin Chem1988; 24: 127–30.
97.
SaeedK. Direct electrothermal atomization atomic absorption spectrometric determination of selenium in whole blood and serum with continuum-source background correction. J Anal At Spectrom1987; 2: 151–5.
98.
Van CauwenberghRRobberechtHVan DaelPDeelstraH. Direct selenium determination in human whole blood by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry with deuterium correction using a L'vov platform, a Pd/Mg matrix modification and appropriate dilution. J Trace Elem Electrolytes Health Dis1990; 4: 127–31.
99.
EckerlinRHHoultDWCarnrickGR. Selenium determination in animal whole blood using stabilized temperature platform furnace and Zeeman background correction. At Spectrosc1987; 8: 64–6.
100.
MartinCKWilliamsJC. Determination of selenium in bovine liver by Zeeman-effect atomic absorption spectrometry using a palladium-copper chemical modifier. J Anal Atom Spectrom1989; 4: 691–6.
101.
HarrisonILittlejohnDFellGS. Determination of selenium in human hair and nail by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry. J Anal At Spectrom1995; 10: 215–9.
102.
LindbergILundbergEArkhammerPBerggrenP-O. Direct determination of selenium in solid biological materials by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry, J Anal At Spectrom1988; 3: 497–501.
103.
AadlandEAasethJRadziukBSaeedKThomassenY. Direct electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometric analysis of biological samples and its application to the determination of selenium in human liver biopsy samples. Fresenius Z Anal Chem1987; 328: 362–6.
104.
DelvesHTSieniawskaCE. Simple method for the accurate determination of selenium in serum by using inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry. J Anal At Spectrom1997; 12: 387–9.
105.
MestekOSuchanekMVodickovaZZemanovaBZimaT. Comparison of the suitability of various atomic spectroscopic techniques for the determination of selenium in human blood. J Anal At Spectrom1997; 12: 85–9.
106.
TingBTGMooreCSJanghorbaniM. Isotopic determination of selenium in biological materials with inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Analyst1989; 114: 667–74.
107.
HaoDXieGZhangYTianG. Determination of serum selenium by hydride generation flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Talanta1996; 43: 595–600.