Composites from chicken feathers quill and recycled polypropylene

Abstract

Recycled polypropylene composites reinforced with quill from chicken feathers were prepared by extrusion process. Chicken feathers, a worldwide waste without any relevant application, may potentially replace nonrenewable reinforcements in composites. The effects of quill reinforcement on the density, as well as the thermal, thermo-mechanical and morphological properties of the composites, were evaluated. Quill showed an excellent compatibility with the polypropylene matrix, revealed by the good dispersion that was confirmed by the physical appearance observed with aid of scanning electron microscopy. This fact is due to the hydrophobic nature of keratin in quill. All of the composites showed higher storage modulus than simple polymer, particularly for the lowest quill content. In addition, the composite materials also had a lower density. The transition temperature remained almost unaltered compared with polypropylene. However, the thermal stability was observed to be strongly related to the quill content. Thus, this study reports a successful industrial process applied to a new natural reinforcement material: quill, used to synthesize composites with an amply used polymer: polypropylene; which can open an important gate towards the extended exploitation of keratin quill as a novel and renewable reinforcement material.