Massive open online courses are one of the most prominent trends in higher education in recent years. Instructional videos play a significant role in the massive open online courses platform. This study tested the impact of sending danmaku related to video content versus sending danmaku not related to video content versus not sending danmaku in instructional video. We assessed students’ achievement, learning satisfaction, social presence, and cognitive load. Adopting a quasi-experimental design, we collected data from 137 participants. Result revealed that the danmaku related to video content improved social presence, learning satisfaction, and learning achievement but created more cognitive load.
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