Established in 2003 with a promise to impact global governance for the benefit of developing countries, the India–Brazil–South Africa (IBSA trilateral forum) celebrated its 10-year anniversary in 2013 under the shadow of a global financial crisis and overshadowed by the rise of the BRICS platform in which IBSA countries were prominent. That it failed to hold its anniversary summit in 2013 for reasons that are not yet clear signified the challenge that IBSA faced in asserting its role as a mechanism for Global South agency in a changing world.
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