Role accumulation theory and prisoner reintegration: The pursuit of transformative social roles

Abstract

Former prisoners encounter many challenges upon release from prison, accompanied by ample suggestions as to what they should do to manage and/ or conquer those challenges. Yet, the actual process of interaction between former prisoners and their pursuits of transformative roles have not been guided by a theoretical lens. In particular, little is known about the underlying rationale and process of directing former prisoners into and selecting positive social roles to reduce criminality, increase community safety, and lead them on a pro-social path. Offering an underlying theoretical framework for understanding this process, this article examines role accumulation theory as it pertains to the prisoner reentry and reintegration process. It argues that this is a relevant lens through which to guide appropriate measures and mechanisms to assist with the acquisition and accumulation of non-criminal social roles for former prisoners. In so doing, the article presents an analysis of role accumulation theory, a description and argument for its utility, and an application and interpretation of the theory using examples from the author’s own research. Finally, it offers suggestions and insights into modifying the theory to remain appropriate for practitioners dealing with prisoner reentry and reintegration.