A digital image correlation method is proposed to detect and quantify automatically microcracks on the surface of a specimen during a fatigue test. The proposed procedure allows for a fast scanning of the entire surface with all possible (pixel-wise) locations of microcrack centres and the detection of cracks having a sub-pixel opening. An experimental test case is presented as an illustration of the method and a comparison with a replica technique is performed.
EwingJ. A.HumfreyJ. C. W.The fracture of metals under repeated alternations of stress. Phil. Trans. R. Soc., 1903, 200, 241–250.
2.
MagninT.CoudreuseL.LardonJ. M.A quantitative approach to fatigue damage evolution in FCC and BCC stainless-steels. Scr. Metall., 1985, 19, 1487–1490.
3.
OchiY.An experimental and statistical investigation of surface fatigue crack initiation and growth. Fatigue Fract. Engng Mater. Struct., 1985, 8, 327–339.
4.
HoshideT.SocieD. F.Crack nucleation and growth modeling in biaxial fatigue. Engng Fract. Mech., 1988, 29(3), 287–299.
5.
ChauvotC.SesterM.Fatigue crack initiation and crystallographic crack growth in an austenitic stainless steel. Comput. Mater. Sci., 2000, 19, 87–96.
6.
El BartaliA.AubinV.DegallaixS.Fatigue damage analysis in a duplex stainless steel. Fatigue Fract. Engng Mater. Struct., 2008, 31, 137–151.
7.
SuttonM. A.ZhaoW.McNeillS. R.HelmJ. D.PiascikR. S.RiddelW. T.Local crack closure measurements: Development of a measurement system using computer vision and a far-field microscope. In Advances in fatigue crack closure measurement and analysis: second volume, STP 1343, 1999, pp. 145–156.
8.
PolakJ.ZezulkaP.Short crack growth and fatigue life in austenitic-ferritic duplex stainless steel. Fatigue Fract. Engng Mater. Struct., 2005, 20, 923–935.
9.
MalésysN.Modélisation probabiliste de la formation de réseaux de fissures en fatigue thermique. PhD Thesis, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Cachan, 2007.
10.
RupilJ.VincentL.HildF.RouxS.Identification and probabilistic modeling of mesocrack initiations in 304L stainless steel. Int. J. Multiscale Comput. Engng, 2011, in press.
11.
McNeillS. R.PetersW. H.SuttonM. A.Estimation of stress intensity factor by digital image correlation. Eng. Fract. Mech., 1987, 28, 101–112.
12.
SuttonM. A.HelmJ. D.BooneM. L.Experimental study of crack growth in thin sheet 2024-T3. Int. J. Fract., 2001, 109, 285–301.
13.
Abanto-BuenoJ.LambrosJ.Investigation of crack growth in functionally graded materials using digital image correlation. Engng Fract. Mech., 2002, 69, 1695–1711.
14.
HamamR.HildF.RouxS.Stress intensity factor gauging by digital image correlation: Application in cyclic fatigue. Strain, 2007, 43, 181–192.
15.
MughrabiH.WangR.DiffertK.EssmanU.Fatigue crack initiation by cyclic slip irreversibilities in high-cycle fatigue. In Fatigue mechanisms: advances in quantitative measurement of physical damage (Eds LankfordJ.DavidsonD. L.MorrisW. L.WeiR. P.), ASTM STP 811, 1983, pp. 5–45.
16.
MaB.LairdC.Overview of fatigue behavior in copper single crystals (parts 1 to 5). Acta Metall., 1989, 37(2), 325–379.
17.
ManJ.ObrtlikK.BlochwitzC.PolakJ.Atomic force microscopy of surface relief in individual grains of fatigued 316L austenitic stainless steel. Acta Mater., 2002, 50, 3767–3780.
18.
SuttonM. A.McNeillS. R.JangJ.BabaiM.Effects of subpixel image restoration on digital correlation error estimates. Opt. Engng., 1988, 27(10), 870–877.
19.
BornertM.BrémandF.DoumalinP.DupréJ. C.FazziniM.GrédiacM.. Assessment of digital image correlation measurement errors: methodology and results. Exp. Mech., 2009, 49(3), 353–370.
20.
PonceletM.BarbierG.RakaB.CourtinS.DesmoratR.Le-RouxJ. C.. Biaxial high cycle fatigue of a type 304L stainless steel: cyclic strains and crack initiation detection by digital image correlation. Eur. J. Mech. A—Solids, 2010, 29, 810–825.
21.
ColinJ.FatemiA.TaheriS.Fatigue behavior of stainless steel 304L including strain hardening, prestraining, and mean stress effects. J. Engng Mater. Technol., 2010, 132, 021008.
22.
RouxS.HildF.Stress intensity factor measurements from digital image correlation: post-processing and integrated approaches. Int. J. Fract., 2006, 140, 141–157.
WagneB.RouxS.HildF.Spectral approach to displacement evaluation from image analysis. Eur. Phys. J. Appl. Phys., 2002, 17, 247–252.
25.
BesnardG.HildF.RouxS.Finite element diplacement fields analysis from digital images: Application to Portevin–Le Chatelier bands. Exp. Mech., 2006, 46, 789–803.
26.
BonnetM.GuzinB. B.Sounding of finite solid bodies by way. Int. J. Num. Meth. Engng, 2004, 61, 2344–2373.
27.
ForsythP. J. E.A two stage process of fatigue crack growth. In Proceedings of the Symposium on Crack propagation, 1961, pp. 76–94.
28.
BuiH. D.Mécanique de la rupture fragile, 1978 (Masson, Paris).
29.
DelobelleP.Synthesis of the elastoviscoplastic behavior and modelization of an austenitic stainless steel over a large temperature range, under uniaxial and biaxial loadings, Part 1: Behavior. Int. J. Plast., 1993, 9, 65–85.
30.
MalésysN.VincentL.HildF.A probabilistic model to predict the formation and propagation of crack networks in thermal fatigue. Int. J. Fatigue, 2009, 31, 565–574.
