Using Ethnographic Methods to Strengthen Quantitative Data – Explaining Juvenile Detention Rates in Three Australian States

Abstract

Those advocating mixed methods research have long believed that ethnographic methods can strengthen quantitative data. This paper explores some practical and philosophical issues through considering a study that seeks to explain differences in detention rates between children’s courts in three Australian states (Tasmania, Victoria and New South Wales), primarily through observing sentencing hearings. It starts by considering whether the lower rate in Victoria indicates that magistrates are more lenient or, alternatively, that young people commit fewer offences in this state. The paper demonstrates, through comparing cases with similar features, that Victoria is more tolerant. Qualitative research can also suggest ways of developing a quantitative analysis by identifying significant potential differences within states and between decision makers. The paper also considers the strengths and limitations of court culture as an explanatory causal variable, and the alternative approach to comparison suggested by the interpretive tradition.