Much research on sexual deviance on university and college campuses is limited by its narrow focus on group affiliation and leads to much speculation and conjecture. This article suggests that an alternative explanation is more suitable for explaining such an important and complex problem on college campuses. It argues that prior deviance serves as a more robust predictor variable of sexual deviance. Logistic regression analyses indicate a direct relationship between prior deviance and sexual deviance. The results lend support to the argument that group affiliation is not a suitable explanation for such a complex societal problem—sexual deviance. Limitations of the study and directions for future research on sexual deviance are discussed.
Akers, R. L. (1998). Social learning and social structure: A general theory of crime and delinquency. Boston: Northeastern University Press.
2.
Awad, G. A. ,& Saunders, E. B. (1991). Male adolescent sexual assaulters: Clinical observations.Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 6, 446-460.
3.
Benedict, J. , & Klein, A. (1997). Arrest and conviction rates for athletes accused of sexual assault. Sociology of Sport Journal, 14, 86-94.
4.
Bernat, J. A. , Calhoun, K. S., & Stolp, S. (1998). Sexually aggressive men’s responses to a date rape analogue: Alcohol as a disinhibiting cue. Journal of Sex Research, 35, 341-348.
5.
Boeringer, S. B. (1996). Influences of fraternity membership, athletics, and male living arrangements on sexual aggression. Violence Against Women, 2, 134-147.
6.
Crosset, T. W. (1999). Male athletes’ violence against women: A critical assessment of the athletic affiliation, violence against women debate. Quest, 51, 244-257.
7.
Crosset, T. W. , McDonald, M. A., & Benedict, J. R. (1995). Male student-athletes reported for sexual assault: A survey of campus police department and judicial affairs offices. Journal of Sport and Social Issues, 19, 126-140.
8.
Crosset, T. W. , Ptacek, J., McDonald, M. A.,& Benedict, J. R. (1996). Male student-athletes and violence against women. Violence Against Women, 2, 163-179.
9.
Dershowitz, A. (1994). When women cry rape falsely. Journal of Family Violence, 10, 41-53.
10.
Devine, P. G. , & Baker, S. M. (1991). Measurement of racial stereotype subtyping. Personality and Social Psychology BulletIn, 17, 44-44.
11.
Dillman, D. (1978). Total design method. New York: Wiley.
12.
Entine, J. (2000). Taboo: Why Black athletes dominate sports and why we’re afraid to talk about it. New York: Public Affairs.
13.
Fehrenbach, P. A. , Smith, W., Monastersky, C., & Deisher, R. W. (1986). Adolescent sexual offenders: Offender and offense characteristics. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 56, 225-233.
14.
Fiske, S. T. , & Taylor, S. E. (1991). Social cognition. New York: McGraw-Hill.
15.
George, D. , & Mallery, P. (2001). SPSS forWindows step by step: A simple guide and reference. Boston: Allyn & Bacon.
16.
Gmelch, G. ,& San Antonio, P. M. (1997). Groupies and American baseball. Journal of Sport and Social Issues, 22, 32-45.
17.
Gottfredson, M. R. ,& Hirschi, T. (1990). A general theory of crime. Palo Alto: Stanford University Press.
18.
Harrison, K. C. (2000). Black athletes at the millennium. Society, 37, 35-39.
19.
Higher Education Act of 1998.
20.
Jerin, R. A. , & Moriarty, L. J. (1998). Victims of crime. Chicago: Nelson-Hall.
21.
Koss, M. P. , & Cleveland, H. H., III. (1996). Athletic participation, fraternity membership, and date rape. Violence Against Women, 2, 180-190.
22.
Koss, M. P. , & Gaines, J. A. (1993). The prediction of sexual aggression by alcohol use, athletic participation, and fraternity affiliation. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 8, 94-108.
23.
LeBlanc, M. ,& Girard, S. (1997). The generality of deviance: Replication over two decades with a Canadian sample of adjudicated boys. Canadian Journal of Criminology, 39, 171-183.
24.
Lipsky, M. (1971). Street-level bureaucracy and the analysis of urban reform. Urban Affairs Quarterly, 6, 391-409.
25.
Lisak, D. (1994). Subjective assessment of relationships with parents by sexually aggressive and nonaggressive men. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 9, 399-411.
26.
Lisak D. ,& Ivan, C. (1995). Deficits in intimacy and empathy in sexually aggressive men. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 10, 296-308.
27.
Malamuth, N. M. , Sockloskie, R. J., Koss, M. P., & Tanaka, J. S. (1991). Characteristics of aggressors against women: Testing a model using a national sample of college students. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 59, 670-681.
28.
Missouri Criminal Code: A Handbook for Law Enforcement Officers. Manual 121.
29.
Moffitt, T. E. (1993). Adolescence-limited and life-course-persistent antisocial behavior: A developmental taxonomy. Psychological Behavior, 4, 674-701.
30.
Nixon, H. L. (1997). Gender, sport, and aggressive behavior outside sport. Journal of Sport and Social Issues, 21, 379-391.
31.
Rapaport, K. , & Burkhart, B. R. (1984). Personality and attitudinal characteristics of sexually coercive college males. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 21, 457-468.
32.
Rittel, H. W. , & Webber, M. W. (1973). Dilemmas in a general theory of planning. Policy Sciences, 4, 155-169.
33.
Rubenstein, M. , Yeager, C. A., Goodstein, C., & Lewis, D. O. (1993). Sexually assaultive male juveniles: A follow up. American Journal of Psychiatry, 150, 262-265.
34.
Russell, C. L., Jr. (1998). Racism and rationales: Aframe analysis of John Hoberman’s DarwIn ’s athletes. Social Science Quarterly, 79, 885-891.
35.
Sampson, R. J. ,& Laub, J. H. (1993). Crime in the making: Pathways and turning points through life. Massachusetts: Harvard University Press.
36.
Sanday, P. (1990). Fraternity gang rape: Sex, brotherhood and privilege on campus. New York: New York University Press.
37.
Shoemaker, D. J. (1996). Theories of delinquency: An examination of explanations of delinquent behavior. New York: Oxford University Press.
38.
Short, J. F. , & Nye, F. I. (1958). Extent of unrecorded juvenile delinquency: Tentative conclusions. Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology, 49, 296-302.
39.
Sigelman, L. (1998). The African American athletic fixation. Social Science Quarterly, 79, 892-897.
40.
Simon, H. A. (1976). Administrative behavior: A study of decision-making processes in administrative organization. New York: Free Press.
41.
Sipe, R. , Jensen, E. L.,& Everett, R. S. (1998). Adolescent sexual offenders grown up. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 25, 109-124.
42.
Smeaton, G. , & Byrne, D. (1987). The effects of R-rated violence and erotica, individual differences, and victim characteristics on acquaintance rape proclivity. Journal of Research in Personality, 21, 171-184.
43.
So-Kum Tang, C. , Critelli, J. W., & Porter, J. F. (1993). Motives in sexual aggression: The Chinese context. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 8, 435-445.
44.
Testa, M. , & Livingston, J. A. (2000). Alcohol and sexual aggression: Reciprocal relationships over time in a sample of high-risk women. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 4, 413-427.
45.
Tieger, T. (1981). Self-rated likelihood of raping and the social perception of rape. Journal of Research in Personality, 15, 147-158.
46.
Tittle, C. R. (1995). Control balance: Toward a general theory of deviance. Boulder, CO: Westview.
47.
Welch, M. (1997). Violence against women by professional football players: A gender analysis of hypermasculinity, positional status, narcissism, and entitlement. Journal of Sport and Social Issues, 21, 392-411.
