Development of competencies needed to be effective managers and leaders requires research and theory that can drive future scholarship and application. Competencies are defined and an overview is provided on research on competencies, their link to performance in various occupations, and their development. Emotional, social and cognitive intelligence competencies predict effectiveness in professional management and leadership roles in many sectors of society. In addition, these competencies can be developed in adults.
BallouR.BowersD.BoyatzisR.E.KolbD.A. (1999), “Fellowship in lifelong learning: An executive development program for advanced professionals”, Journal of Management Education, 23(4), 338–354.
2.
BattistaJ.M. (2005), Confirmatory Factor Analysis of ECI-2 (n = 6,542) Others’ Averaged Observations of EI Com-petencies Demonstrated, Unpublished Research Note, ESADE, Barcelona, June12005.
3.
Batista-FoguetJ.M.GuillenL.SarisW.SerlavosR.BoyatzisR.E. (in press). Effect of response scale on assess-ment of emotional intelligence competencies. Personality and Individual Differences.
4.
Batista-FoguetJ.M.BoyatzisR.E.GuillenL.SerlavosR. (in press), “Assessing Emotional Intelligence Competencies in Two Global Contexts”, To Appear inSaloveyPeterMandalManasShanwalVinodEmmerlingRobert (eds.), Emotional Intelligence: Theoretical and Cultural Perspectives. Nova Science Publishers, San Francisco.
5.
BoyatzisR.E. (1982), The Competent Manager: A Model for Effective Performance, John Wiley & Sons, New York.
6.
BoyatzisR.E. (1998), Transforming qualitative information: Thematic analysis and code development, Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA.
7.
BoyatzisR.E. (2001), “How and why individuals are able to develop emotional intelligence”, In ChernissC.GolemanD. (eds.), The emotionally intelligent workplace: How to select for, measure, and improve emotional intelligence in individuals, groups, and organizations, Jossey-Bass, San Francisco, pp. 234–253.
8.
BoyatzisR.E. (2006). Using tipping points of emotional intelligence and cognitive competencies to predict financial performance of leaders. Psicothema, 18, 124–131.
9.
BoyatzisR.E. (2006), “Intentional change theory from a complexity perspective”, Journal of Management Develop-ment, 25(7), 607–623.
10.
BoyatzisR.E. (2008), “Competencies in the 21st century”, Journal of Management Development, 25(7), 5–12.
11.
BoyatzisR.E. (in press). A behavioral approach to emotional Intelligence. Journal of Management Development.
12.
BoyatzisR.E.GolemanD. (1996, 1999), Emotional Com-petency Inventory, The Hay Group, Boston.
13.
BoyatzisR.E.GolemanD.AcquisitionHay. (2001, 2007), Emotional and Social Competency Inventory, The Hay Group, Boston.
14.
BoyatzisR.E.GolemanD.RheeK. (2000), “Clustering competence in emotional intelligence: Insights from the Emotional Competence Inventory (ECI)”, Bar-OnR.ParkerD.A. (Eds.), Handbook of Emotional Intelligence. Jossey-Bass, San Francisco.
15.
BoyatzisR.E.MurphyA.WheelerJ. (2000), “Philosophy as the missing link between values and behavior”, Psycho-logical Reports, 86, 47–64.
16.
BoyatzisR.E.Saatcioglu (2008), “A twenty year view of trying to develop emotional, social and cognitive intelligence competencies in graduate management education”, Journal of Management Development, 27(3), 92–108.
17.
BoyatzisR.E.SalaF. (2004), “Assessing emotional intel-ligence competencies”, In GeherGlenn (ed.), The Meas-urement of Emotional Intelligence, Novas Science Publishers, Hauppauge, NY. pp. 147–180.
18.
BoyatzisR.E.SmithM.BlaizeN. (2006), “Sustaining leadership effectiveness through coaching and compassion: It’s not what you think,”Academy of Management Learning and Education, 5(1), 8–24.
19.
BoyatzisR.E.StubbsL.TaylorS. (2002), “Learning cognitive and emotional intelligence competencies through graduate management education,”Academy of Management Journal on Learning and Education, 1(2), 150–162.
20.
BrayD.W.CampbellR.J.GrantD.L. (1974), Formative Years in Business: A Long Term AT&T Study of Managerial Lives, John Wiley & Sons, NY.
21.
BurckleM. (2000b), “ECI and MBTI”, Hay/McBer Research Report, The Hay Group, Boston.
22.
CampbellJ.P.DunnetteM.D.LawlerE.E.IIIWeickK.E.Jr. (1970), Managerial Behavior, Performance, and Effectiveness, McGraw-Hill, New York.
23.
CampbellD.T.FiskeD.W. (1959), “Convergent and dis-criminant validation by the multitrait-muiltimethod matrix, Psychological Bulletin, 56, 81–105.
24.
ChernissC.AdlerM. (2000), Promoting Emotional Intelligence in Organizations: Make Training in Emotional Intelligence Effective, American Society of Training and Development, Washington D.C.
25.
DaileyC.A. (1971), Assessment of Lives: Personality Evaluation in a Bureaucratic Society, Jossey-Bass, San Francisco.
26.
DreyfusC. (2008), “Identifying competencies that predict effect-iveness of R and D managers”, Journal of Management Development, 27(1), 76–91.
27.
FlanaganJ.C. (1954), “The critical incident technique”, Psycho-logical Bulletin, 51, 327–335.
28.
GardnerH. (1983), Frames of mind: The theory of multiple intelligences. Basic Books, NY.
GolemanD. (1998), Working with Emotional Intelligence. Bantam, NY.
31.
GolemanD (2006), Social Intelligence. Bantam Books, NY.
32.
GolemanD.BoyatzisR.E.McKeeA. (2002), Primal Leadership: Realizing the Power of Emotional Intelligence. Harvard Business School Press, Boston.
33.
GuillenL.SarisW.BoyatzisR. (in press), “Construct and discriminant validity of an emotional intelligence measure”, Organization and Performance,
34.
HopkinsM.BilimoriaD. (2008), “Social and emotional competencies predicting success for female and male execu-tives”, Journal of Management Development, 12(1), 13–35.
35.
HowardA.BrayD. (1988), Managerial Lives in Transition: Advancing Age and Changing Times, Guilford Press, New York.
36.
KomanL.WolffS. (2008), “Emotional intelligence compe-tencies in the team and team leader”, Journal of Management Development, 12(1), 56–75.
37.
KotterJ.P. (1982), The general managers. Free Press, NY.
38.
LewinA.Y.ZwanyA. (1976), “Peer nominations: A model, literature critique, and a paradigm for research”, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA.
39.
LuthansF.HodgettsR.M.RosenkrantzS.A. (1988), Real Managers, Ballinger Press, Cambridge, MA.
40.
MatthewsG.ZeidnerM.RobertsR.D. (2002), Emotional intelligence. Science and myth, The MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
41.
MayerJ.D.SaloveyP.CarusoD.R.SitareniosG. (2003). “Measuring emotional intelligence with the MSCEIT V2.0”, Emotion, 3, 97–105.
42.
McClellandD.C. (1951), Personality. William Sloane Asso-ciates, NY.
43.
McClellandD.C.BaldwinA.L.BronfenbrennerStrodbeckF.L. (1958). Talent and Society. NY: Van Nostrand.
44.
McClellandD.C. (1973), “Testing for competence rather than intelligence”, American Psychologist, 28(1), 1–40.
45.
McClellandD.C. (1985), Human Motivation, Scott, Foresman, Glenview, IL.
46.
McClellandD.C.BoyatzisR.E. (1982), “The leadership motive pattern and long term success in management”, Journal of Applied Psychology, 67(6), 737–743.
47.
McClellandD.C. (1998), “Identifying competencies with behavioral event interviews”, Psychological Science, 9, pp. 331–339.
48.
McKeeA.BoyatzisR.E.JohnstonF. (2008), Becoming a resonant leader and renewing Yourself and Others. Harvard Business School Press, Boston.
49.
MorrowC.C.JarrettM.Q.RupinskiM.T. (1997), “An investigation of the effect and economic utility of corporate-wide training”, Personnel Psychology, 50, 91–119.
50.
MurenskyC.L. (2000), The relationship between emotional intelligence, personality, critical thinking ability, and organ-izational leadership performance at upper levels of man-agement. Dissertation: George Mason University.
51.
RubinD.C. (1986), Autobiographical memory, Cambridge University Press, NY.
52.
SaloveyP.MayerJ.D. (1990), “Emotional intelligence”, Imagination, Cognition and Personality, 9, 185–211.
53.
SharmaR. (2008), “Emotional intelligence from the 17th century to the 21st century: Perspectives and directions for future research”, Vision: Journal of Business Perspective, 12(1), 59–66.
54.
SpencerL.M.Jr.SpencerS.M. (1993), Competence at Work: Models for Superior Performance, John Wiley & Sons, New York.
55.
SternbergR.J. (1996), Successful intelligence: How practical and creative intelligence determine success in life, Simon and Shuster, NY.
56.
ThorntonG.C.IIIByhamW.C. (1982), Assessment centers and managerial performance, Academic Press, NY.
57.
WilliamsH. (2008), “Characteristics that distinguish outstand-ing urban principals”, Journal of Management Development, 27(1), 36–54.
58.
WilliamsRedford (2003), Personal communication.
59.
WinterD.G. (1973), The power motive, Free Press, NY.
60.
WolffS.B. (2005), Emotional Competence Inventory: Technical Manual. The Hay Group, Boston.
61.
WolffS.B. (2008), Emotional and Social Competency Inventory: Technical Manual Up-Dated ESCI Research Titles and Abstracts, The Hay Group, Boston.
