The aim of the present study was to find out the relationship between the human resources management practices and firm level performance. The study conducted on 82 Indian firms indicates that there is a significant relationship between the two human resources practices, namely, training and compensation, and perceived organizational and market performance of the firm.
Appelbaum, E. , T. Bailey , P. Berg and A. Kalleberg . 2000. Manufacturing competitive advantage: The effects of high performance work systems on plant performance and company outcomes. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press .
2.
Arthur, J.B.1994. Effects of human resources systems on manufacturing performance and turnover . Academy of Management Journal37: 670-687 .
3.
Balasubramanian, A.G.1994. Evolution of personnel function in India: A re-examination. Part I . Management and Labor Studies19(4): 196-210 .
4.
Balasubramanian, A.G.1995. Evolution of personnel function in India: A re-examination. Part II . Management and Labor Studies20(1): 5-14 .
5.
Barak, M. , T. Maymon and G. Harel . Teamwork in modern organizations: Implications for technological education . International Journal of Technology and Design Education9: 85-101 .
6.
Bartel, A.1994. Productivity gains from the implementation of employee training programs . Industrial Relations33: 411-425 .
7.
Barney, J.B.1991. Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage . Journal of Management17: 99-120 .
8.
Blinder, A.S.1990. Paying for productivity. Washington DC: Brookings .
9.
Becker, B. and B. Gerhart . 1996. The impact of human resources management on organizational performance: Progress and prospects . Academy of Management Journal39: 779-801 .
10.
Becker, B. , M. Huselid , P. Pickus and M. Spratt . 1997. HR as a source of shareholder value: Research and recommendations . Human Resources Management Journal31(1): 1-8 .
11.
Budhwar, P , and P. Sparrow . 1997. Evaluating levels of strategic integration and development of human resource management in India . International Journal of Human Resource Management8: 476-494 .
12.
Cianni, M. , and D. Wnuck . 1997. Individual growth and team enhancement: Moving toward new model of career development . Academy of Management Executive11(1): 105-115 .
13.
Cully, M. , S. Woodland , A. O’Reilly and S. Dix.1999. Britain at work. London: Routledge .
14.
Cutcher-Gershenfeld, J.1991. The impact on economic performance of transformation in workplace relations . Industrial and Labor Relations Review44: 241-260 .
15.
Datt, R. , and K.P.H. Sundharam . 1999. Indian economy. New Delhi: S. Chand .
16.
Delaney, J.T. , and M.A. Huselid . 1996. The impact of human resource management practices on perceptions of organizational performance . Academy of Management Journal39: 949-969 .
17.
Delaney, J.T. , D. Lewin and Ichniowski1989. Human resources policies and practices in American firms. US Department of Labor: US Government Printing Office .
18.
Delery, J.E. , and D.H. Doty . 1996. Modes of theorizing in strategic human resource management: Tests of universalistic, contingency, and configurational performance predictions . Academy of Management Journal39: 802-835 .
19.
Dillman, D.A.1978. Mail and telephone surveys: The total design method. New York: Wiley .
20.
Doyle, M.1997. Management development. In Human resource management: A contemporary perspective, eds I. Beardwell and L. Holden , 212-235. London: Pitman .
21.
Dyer, L. , and T. Reeves . 1995. Human resource strategies and firm performance: What do we know and where do we need to go? . International Journal of Human Resource Management6: 656-670 .
22.
Ettington, R.D.1997. How human resource practices can help plateaued managers succeed . Human Resource Management36(2): 221-234 .
23.
Fernandez, C.J.1992. Soldier quality and job performance in team tasks . Social Science Quarterly73: 253-265 .
24.
Freeman, B.R. , and L.J. Medoff . 1984. What do unions do?New York: Basic Books .
25.
Gerhart, B. , and G.T. Milkovich . 1992. Employee compensation: Research and practice. In Handbook of industrial an organizational psychology, eds M.D. Dunnette and L.M. Hough , vol. 3: 481-569. Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press .
26.
Gomez-Mejia, L. , and V.T. Wellbourne . 1988. Compensation strategy: An overview and future steps . Human Resource Planning11: 173-189 .
27.
Gomez-Mejia, L. , D.B. Balkin and R.L. Cardy . 1998. Managing human resources, 2nd edn.Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall .
28.
Guest, D.E.1997. Human resource management and performance: A review and research agenda . International Journal of Human Resource Management8: 263-276 .
29.
Guest, D.E. , J. Michie , M. Sheehan and N. Conway . 2000a. Employment relations, HRM, and business performance: An analysis of 1998 Workplace Employee Relations Survey. London: CIPD .
30.
Guest, D.E. , J. Michie , M. Sheehan , N. Conway , and M. Metochi . 2000b. Effective people management: First findings from the future of work-study. London: CIPD .
31.
Guest, D.E. , J. Michie , M. Sheehan , and N. Conway . 2000c. Getting inside the HRM-performance relationship . Paper presented to the Academy of Management Conference, Toronto, August.
32.
Guest, E.D. , and R. Peccei . 1994. The nature and causes of effective human resource management . British Journal of Industrial Relations32: 219-242 .
33.
Harel, H.G. , and S.S. Tzafrir . 1999. The effect of human resource management practices on the perceptions of organizational and market performance of the firm . Human Resource Management38: 185-200 .
34.
Holzer, H. J.1987. Hiring procedures in the firm: Their economic determinants and outcomes. In Human resources and firm performance, eds M.M. Kleiner , R.N. Block , M. Roomkin and S.W. Salsburg . Washington DC: BNA Press .
35.
Huselid, M.A.1995. The impact of human resource management practices on turnover, productivity, and corporate financial performance . Academy of Management Journal38: 635-672 .
36.
Huselid, M.A. , and B. Becker . 1995. High performance work systems and organizational performance . Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Academy of Management, Vancouver.
37.
Huselid, M. , and B. Becker . 1996. Methodological issues in cross-sectional research and panel estimates of the human resource - performance link . Industrial Relations35: 400-422 .
38.
Huselid, M.A. , S.E. Jackson , and R.S. Schuller . 1997. Technical and strategic human resource management effectiveness as determinants of firm performance . Academy of Management Journal40(1): 171-186 .
39.
Ichniowski, C. , K. Shaw , and G. Prenunshi . 1997. The effect of human resources practices on productivity: A study of steel finishing lines . American Economic Review87, 291-313 .
40.
Krishna, A. , and A. Monappa . 1994. Economic restructuring and human resource management . Indian Journal of Industrial Relations29(4): 490-501 .
41.
Lado, A.A. , and C.M. Wilson . 1994. Human resource systems and sustained competitive advantage: A competency based perspective . Academy of Management Review19: 699-727 .
42.
Lawler, E. E. , S.A. Mohrman , and G.E. Ledford . 1992. Employee involvement and total quality management. San Francisco: Jossey Bass .
43.
Lewis, H.G.1986. Union relative wage effects. Chicago: University of Chicago Press .
44.
MacDuffie, J.P.1995. Human resources bundles and manufacturing performance: Organizational logic and flexible production systems in the world auto industry . Industrial and Labor Relations Review48: 197-221 .
45.
Martell, K. , and J.S. Carroll . 1995. Which executive human resource management practices for the top management team are associated with higher firm performance?Human Resource Management34(4): 497-512 .
46.
McEvoy, M.G.1997. Organizational change and outdoor management education . Human Resource Management36(2), 235 -250 .
47.
Milkovich, T.G. , and W.J. Boudreau . 1998. Human resource management, 8th edn.Boston: Irwin .
48.
Milgrom, P. , and J. Roberts . 1993. Complementarities and fit: Strategy, structure and organizational change. Working paper, Stanford University, Stanford, CA.
49.
Osterman, P.1987. Turnover, employment security, and the performance of the firm. In Human resources and firm performance, eds M.M. Kleiner , R.N. Block , M. Roomkin and S.W. Salsburg . Washington DC: BNA Press .
50.
Pfeffer, J.1994. Competitive advantage through people: Unleashing the power of the work force. Boston: Harvard Business School Press .
51.
Ramaswamy, E.A. , and Schiphorst, F.B.2000. Human resource management, trade unions and empowerment: Two cases from India . International Journal of Human Resource Management11(4): 664-680 .
52.
Russell, J.S. , J.R. Terberg , and M.L. Powers . 1985. Organizational performance and organizational level training and support . Personnel Psychology38: 849-863 .
53.
Schuster, F.E.1986. The Schuster report: The proven connection between people and profits. New York: Wiley and Sons .
54.
Singh, K.2000. Effect of human resource management practices on firm performance in India . Indian Journal of Industrial Relations36(1): 1-23 .
55.
Sparrow, P.R. , and P. Budhwar . 1997. Competition and change: Mapping the Indian HRM recipe against world wide patterns . Journal of World Business32(3): 224-242 .
56.
Terpstra, D.E. , and E.J. Rozell . 1993. The relationship of staffing practices to organizational level measures of performance . Personnel Psychology46: 27-48 .
57.
Ulrich, D.1997. Measuring human resources: An overview of practice and a prescription for results . Human Resource Management36(3): 303-320 .
58.
Venkata Ratnam, C.S.1995. Economic liberalization and transformation of industrial relations policies in India. In Employment relations in the growing Asian economies, eds A. Verma , T.A. Kochan , and R.D. Lansbury . London: Routledge .
59.
Venkata Ratnam, C.S. , and B.K. Shrivastava . 1991. Personnel management and human resources. New Delhi: Tata McGraw-Hill .
60.
Verma, A.1995. Employee involvement in the workplace. In Research in personnel and human resource management, eds M. Gunderson and A. Ponak . New Haven, CT: JAI Press .
61.
Wagner, A.J.1994. Participation’s effects on performance and satisfaction: A reconsideration of research evidence . Academy of Management Review19: 312-330 .
62.
Youndt, M. A. , A.S. Snell , J.W. Dean Jr , and P.D. Leapak . 1996. Human resource management, manufacturing strategy and firm performance . Academy of Management Journal39(4): 836-856 .
