In this work, aeroelastic control of a cantilever wing with embedded shape memory alloy wires and piezoelectric actuators is carried out. Shape memory alloy wires increase the total stiffness of the system by generating an in-plane load, and they are used as passive controllers. Piezoelectric actuators are used for active control of a fluttering plate using the state-dependent Riccati equation method. The effect of shape memory alloy wires and piezoelectric actuators on the aeroelastic flutter condition and limit cycle oscillation amplitude of a rectangular cantilever wing are investigated. Wings are modeled according to the first-order shear deformation plate theory and large deflection Von Karman plate theory. Simulation results are presented, which show that the designed state feedback control law can be used for the stabilization of an aeroelastic system with structural nonlinearities.
AlstromRBMarzoccaPBolltE. (2010) Controlling chaotic motions of a nonlinear aeroelastic system using adaptive control augmented with time delay. In: AIAA guidance, navigation, and control conference, Toronto, ON, Canada, 2–5 August, AIAA 2010-8146. Reston, VA: AIAA.
2.
ArdeleanEVMcEverMAColeDG. (2006) Active flutter control with V-stack piezoelectric flap actuator. Journal of Aircraft43(2): 482–486.
3.
AttarPJGordnierREJohnstonJW. (2009) Aeroelastic analysis of membrane microair vehicles—part I: flutter and limit cycle analysis for fixed-wing configurations. Journal of Vibration and Acoustics: Transactions of the ASME133(2): 021008. DOI: 10.1115/1.4002129.
4.
BanksHTLewisBMTranHT (2007) Nonlinear feedback controllers and compensators: a state-dependent Riccati equation approach. Computational Optimization and Applications37(2): 177–218.
5.
BlockJJStrganacTW (1998) Applied active control for a nonlinear aeroelastic structure. Journal of Guidance, Control, and Dynamics21(6): 838–845.
6.
CimenT (2006) Systematic and effective design of nonlinear feedback controllers via the state-dependent Riccati equation (SDRE) method. Annual Reviews in Control34(1): 32–51.
7.
De MarquiCErturkAInmanDJ. (2010) Modeling and analysis of piezoelectric energy harvesting from aeroelastic vibrations using the doublet-lattice method. Journal of Vibration and Acoustics: Transactions of the ASME133(1): 011003. DOI: 10.1115/1.4002785.
8.
DowellEH (1975) Aeroelasticity of Wings and Shells. Leyden: Noordhoff International Publishing Company, pp. 1–9, 19–26.
9.
GhadimiMDardelMPashaeiMH. (2011) Effects of geometric imperfections on the aeroelastic behavior of functionally graded wings in supersonic flow. Aerospace Science and Technology23(1): 492–504.
10.
GordnierREVisbalMR (2004) Computation of the aeroelastic response of a flexible delta wing at high angles of attack. Journal of Fluids and Structures19(6): 785–800.
11.
HaddadpourHNavaziHMShadmehriF (2007) Nonlinear oscillations of a fluttering functionally graded plate. Composite Structures79(2): 242–250.
12.
HagoodNWChungWHFolotowAV (1990) Modeling of piezoelectric actuator dynamics for active structural control. Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures1(3): 327–354.
13.
IbrahimHHYooHHLeeKS (2009) Aero-thermo-mechanical characteristics of imperfect shape memory alloy hybrid composite panels. Journal of Sound and Vibration325(3): 583–596.
14.
JohnSHaririM (2008) Effect of shape memory alloy actuation on the dynamic response of polymeric composite plates. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing39(5): 769–776.
15.
LauKTZhouLMTaoXM (2002) Control of natural frequencies of a clamped–clamped composite beam with embedded shape memory alloy wires. Composite Structures58(1): 39–47.
16.
LazarusKBCrawleyEFLinCY (1995) Fundamental mechanisms of aeroelastic control with control surface actuation. Journal of Guidance, Control, and Dynamics18(1): 10–17.
17.
LazarusKBCrawleyEFLinCY (1997) Multivariable active lifting surface control using strain actuation: analytical and experimental results. Journal of Aircraft34(3): 313–321.
18.
LeeSLKimJH (2010) Thermal post-buckling and the stability boundaries of structurally damped functionally graded panels in supersonic flow. Composite Structures92(2): 422–429.
19.
LiDGuoSXiangJ (2010) Aeroelastic dynamic response and control of an airfoil section with control surface nonlinearities. Journal of Sound and Vibration329(22): 4756–4771.
20.
LiangCRogersCA (1990) One-dimensional thermo-mechanical constitutive relations for shape memory materials. Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures1(2): 207–234.
21.
LinCYCrawleyEFHeegJ (1996) Open and closed-loop results of a strain-actuated active aeroelastic wing. Journal of Aircraft33(5): 987–994.
22.
MoonSHHwangJS (2005) Panel flutter suppression with an optimal controller based on the nonlinear model using piezoelectric materials. Composite Structures68(3): 371–379.
23.
ParkJSKimJHMoonSH (2005) Thermal post-buckling and flutter characteristics of composite plates embedded with shape memory alloy fibers. Composites Part B: Engineering36(8): 627–636.
24.
PatilMJHodgesDH (2002) Output feedback control of the nonlinear aeroelastic response of a slender wing. Journal of Guidance, Control, and Dynamics25(2): 302–308.
25.
QuinnDDVakakisAFBergmanLA. (2010) Energy harvesting from impulsive loads using intentional essential nonlinearities. Journal of Vibration and Acoustics: Transactions of the ASME133(1): 011004. DOI: 10.1115/1.4002787.
26.
RaoSS (2007) Vibration of Continuous Systems. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.
27.
ReddyJN (2003) Mechanics of Laminated Composite Wings and Shells: Theory and Analysis. 2nd ed.Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
28.
SinghSNYimW (2003) State feedback control of an aeroelastic system with structural nonlinearity. Aerospace Science and Technology7(1): 23–31.
29.
SongZGLiFM (2011) Active aeroelastic flutter analysis and vibration control of supersonic composite laminated plate. Composite Structures94(2): 702–713.
30.
WeiliangYDowellE (1991) Limit cycle oscillation of a fluttering cantilever plate. AIAA Journal29(11): 1929–1936.
31.
XueDY (1991) Finite element frequency domain solution of nonlinear panel flutter with temperature effects and fatigue life analysis. PhD dissertation, Engineering Mechanics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA.
