Sage Journals: Discover world-class research

Abstract

The American news media is facing a crisis of public trust fueled, in part, by an epistemological disagreement of what constitutes quality news. Through a series of 50 interviews with journalism professionals and students, this research investigates how evidence-based journalism is created by gathering data on expert and novice research practices. Interviews were transcribed, coded, and analyzed through the lens of the ACRL Framework to provide the foundation for a journalism information literacy framework. This analysis can be used to inform library instruction and higher education journalism curricula and offers insights and greater transparency on the processes that underlie trustworthy news.

Keywords

information literacy journalism research information-seeking behaviors fake news misinformation

Get full access to this article

View all access options for this article.

References

Accrediting Council on Education in Journalism and Mass Communications. (2022). Nine accrediting standards. http://www.acejmc.org/policies-process/nine-standards/

Allen

(2017). Intercoder reliability techniques: Fleiss system. In Allen

(Ed.), The SAGE encyclopedia of communication research methods (pp. 739–740). SAGE. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781483381411.n257

Ansari

M. N.

Zuberi

N. A.

(2010). Information seeking behaviour of media professionals in Karachi. Malaysian Journal of Library & Information Science, 15(2), 71–84.

Anwar

M. A.

Al-Ansari

Abdullah

(2004). Information seeking behaviour of Kuwaiti journalists. Libri, 54(4), 228–236.

Anwar

M. A.

Asghar

(2009). Information seeking behavior of Pakistani newspaper journalists. Pakistan Journal of Library and Information Science, 10(1), 57–79.

Association of College & Research Libraries. (2015, February 9). Framework for information literacy for higher education. http://www.ala.org/acrl/standards/ilframework

Boyle

M. E.

McPherson

P. O.

(2012). What’s a phone book? Teaching information literacy skills to digital native journalism students. Teaching Journalism & Mass Communication, 2(1). https://aejmc.us/spig/2012/whats-a-phone-book-teaching-information-literacy-skills-to-digital-native-journalism-students/

Bureau of Labor Statistics. (2019, November 24). Household data annual averages: Employed persons by detailed occupation, sex, race, and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity. https://web.archive.org/web/20191124000800/https://www.bls.gov/cps/cpsaat11.htm

Cosentino

(2020). Social media and the post-truth world order: The global dynamics of disinformation. Palgrave Pivot; Palgrave Macmillan.

10.

Eisenberg

M. B.

McGuire

Lowe

C. A.

Spitzer

K. L.

(2004). Information literacy: Essential skills for the information age. Libraries Unlimited.

11.

Ekström

Lewis

S. C.

Westlund

(2020). Epistemologies of digital journalism and the study of misinformation. New Media & Society, 22(2), 205–212. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444819856914

12.

Ekström

Westlund

(2019a). Epistemology and journalism. In Örnebring

(Ed.), Oxford encyclopedia of journalism studies. Oxford University Press. http://doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228613.013.806

13.

Ekström

Westlund

(2019b). The dislocation of news journalism: A conceptual framework for the study of epistemologies of digital journalism. Media and Communication, 7(1), 259–270. https://doi.org/10.17645/mac.v7i1.1763

14.

Farkas

Schou

(2019). Post-truth, fake news and democracy: Mapping the politics of falsehood. Routledge.

15.

Hepworth

Mensing

Yun

G. W.

(2018). Journalism professors’ information-seeking behaviors: Finding online tools for teaching. Journalism & Mass Communication Educator, 73(3), 255–270. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077695817718425

16.

Jankowicz

(2020). How to lose the information war: Russia, fake news, and the future of conflict. I.B. Tauris.

17.

Kvale

(2007). Analyzing interviews. In Kvale

(Ed.), Doing interviews (pp. 102–119). SAGE. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781849208963

18.

Lloyd

(2010). Framing information literacy as information practice: Site ontology and practice theory. Journal of Documentation, 66(2), 245–258. https://doi.org/10.1108/00220411011023643

19.

MacMillan

(2009). Watching learning happen: Results of a longitudinal study of journalism students. The Journal of Academic Librarianship, 35(2), 132–142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acalib.2009.01.002

20.

Midgley

(2017). Word of the year 2016 is… Oxford Dictionaries: English. https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/word-of-the-year/word-of-the-year-2016

21.

Morris

Yeoman

(2021). Teaching future journalists the news: The role of journalism educators in the news literacy movement. Journalism Practice, 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1080/17512786.2021.1992599

22.

Singh

A. B.

(2005). A report on faculty perceptions of students’ information literacy competencies in journalism and mass communication programs: The ACEJMC Survey. College & Research Libraries, 66(4), 294–310. https://doi.org/10.5860/crl.66.4.294

23.

Singh

Sharma

(2013). Information seeking behavior of newspaper journalists. International Journal of Library and Information Science, 5(7), 225–234. https://doi.org/10.5897/IJLIS2013.0359

24.

Society of Professional Journalists. (2014). SPJ code of ethics. Society of Professional Journalists. https://www.spj.org/ethicscode.asp

25.

Stemler

Tsai

(2008). Best practices in interrater reliability: Three common approaches. In Osborne

(Ed.), Best practices in quantitative methods (pp. 29–49). SAGE. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781412995627

26.

Stengel

(2019). Information wars: How we lost the global battle against disinformation and what we can do about it. Atlantic Monthly Press.

27.

Tanner

A. H.

Friedman

D. B.

Zheng

(2015). Influences on the construction of health news: The reporting practices of local television news health journalists. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 59(2), 359–376. https://doi.org/10.1080/08838151.2015.1029123

28.

Wineburg

McGrew

Breakstone

Ortega

(2016). Evaluating information: The cornerstone of civic online reasoning. Stanford University. https://purl.stanford.edu/fv751yt5934

29.

Zaiontz

(2016, July). Fleiss’ kappa [Real Statistics Using Excel]. https://web.archive.org/web/20191102100343/http://www.real-statistics.com/reliability/interrater-reliability/fleiss-kappa/

Uncovering the Research Behaviors of Reporters: A Conceptual Framework for Information Literacy in Journalism

Abstract

Keywords

Get full access to this article

References