Private-duty care companies were winners in legislation passed that is favorable to agencies that employ their caregivers, provide employment-related coverages, and perform criminal background and other checks on direct care providers. The biggest victory was in Illinois, although Indiana was the first state to pass a law inspired by National Private Duty Association (NPDA) model legislation. California was expected to pass legislation that NPDA members would view favorably. And in Wisconsin, proposed legislation that followed the NPDA model was on the verge of being introduced with good prospects for passage at press time.