A number of recent commentators, most notably and perhaps most elegantly David
Garland, have outlined the contours of a new crime control dispensation that is said
to characterize modern society. One strand of the evidence for this development is
the upward trend in countries’ per capita prison populations. The purpose
of this research note is to highlight some of the difficulties associated with any
analysis carried out at this level of abstraction, especially with respect to the USA.
Brewer, J.
,
B. Lockhart
and
P. Rodgers
(1997) Crime in Ireland: Here Be Dragons.
Oxford: Clarendon Press
.
2.
Bureau of Justice Statistics
(2003) Prison and Jail Inmates at Midyear 2002.
US Department of Justice, Bulletin April
.
3.
Davey, J.D.
(1998) The Politics of Prison Expansion: Winning Elections by
Waging War on Crime,
Westport, CT: Praeger
.
4.
Dikotter, F.
(2002) ‘
The Promise of Repentance: Prison Reform in Modern China
’, British Journal of Criminology42(2):
240–249
.
5.
Garland, D.
(2001) The Culture of Control: Crime and Social Order in
Contemporary Society.
Oxford: Oxford University Press
.
6.
Hood, R.
(2002) The Death Penalty: A Worldwide Perspective,
3rd edn.Oxford: Oxford University Press
.
7.
Jones, T.
and
T. Newburn
(2002) ‘
Policy Convergence and Crime Control in the USA and the UK: Streams of
Influence and Levels of Impact
’, Criminal Justice2(2):
173–203
.
8.
Kuhn, A.
(2001) ‘Incarceration Rates around the
World’, in
M. Tonry
(ed.) Penal Reform in Overcrowded Times, pp.
101–115.
New York: Oxford University Press
.
9.
McEvoy, K.
(2001) Paramilitary Imprisonment in Northern Ireland:
Resistance, Management and Release.
Oxford: Oxford University Press
.
10.
O’Donnell, I.
and
E. O’Sullivan
(2003) ‘
The Politics of Intolerance – Irish Style
’, British Journal of Criminology43(1):
41–62
.
11.
Pease, K.
(1994) ‘
Cross National Imprisonment Rates: Limitations of Method and Possible Conclusions
’, British Journal of Criminology34 (special issue):
116–130
.
12.
Salvatore, R.D.
,
C. Aguirre
and
G.M. Joseph
(eds) (2001) Crime and Punishment in Latin America.
Durham, NC: Duke University Press
.
13.
Sparks, R.
(2001) ‘
Degrees of Estrangement: The Cultural Theory of Risk and Comparative Criminology
’, Theoretical Criminology5(2):
159–176
.
14.
Walmsley, R.
(2003) ‘World Prison Population
List’, (fourth edition) Research Findings
188.
London: Home Office Research Development and
Statistics Directorate
.
15.
Whitman, J. Q.
(2003) Harsh Justice: Criminal Punishment and the Widening
Divide between America and Europe.
New York: Oxford University Press
.
16.
Young, J.
(2003) ‘
Searching for a New Criminology of Everyday Life: A Review of The Culture
of Control by David Garland
’, British Journal of Criminology43(1):
228–243
.
17.
Young, W.
and
M. Brown
(1993) ‘Cross National Comparisons of
Imprisonment’, in
M. Tonry
(ed.) Crime and Justice: A Review of Research, Volume 17, pp.
1–49.
Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press
.
18.
Zedner, L.
(2002) ‘
Dangers of Dystopias in Penal Theory
’, Oxford Journal of Legal Studies22(2):
341–366
.
19.
Zimring, F.
(2003) The Contradictions of American Capital
Punishment.
New York: Oxford University Press
.