Research in consumer culture focuses on the role of fans in creating social spaces or fandoms in contrast with larger society, where new cultural meanings and values are socially negotiated. Drawing on media and cultural studies, this article describes fandoms as a process rooted in the larger phenomenon of fanaticism and its interaction with the current society. The article posits the study of fanaticism as a fruitful lens for a deeper understanding of the role of consumption and brands in today’s consumer societies.
AntoriniYMMuñizAM (2013) The benefits and challenges of collaborating with user communities. Research-Technology Management56(3): 21–28.
2.
AntoriniYMMuñizAM JrTormodA (2012) Collaborating with customer communities: Lessons from the LEGO group. MIT Sloan Management Review53(3): 73–95.
3.
ArnouldEJThompsonCJ (2005) Consumer culture theory (CCT): Twenty years of research. Journal of Consumer Research31(4): 868–882.
4.
Bacon-SmithC (1992) Enterprising Women, Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania Press.
5.
BelkRWTumbatG (2005) The cult of Macintosh. Consumption Markets and Culture8(3): 205–217.
6.
BenzecryCE (2011) The Opera Fanatic: Ethnography of an Obsession, Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
7.
BourdieuP (1984) Distinctions, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
8.
BourdieuP (1990) The Logic of Practice, Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
9.
BronnerG (2009) La Pensée Extrême: Comment des Hommes Ordinaires Deviennent des Fanatiques. (The radical thought. How ordinary individuals become fanatics), Paris: Denoël.
10.
BrownS (2007) Harry Potter and the fandom menace. In: CovaBKozinetsRVShankarA (eds) Consumer Tribes, Burlington, MA: Butterworth-Heinemann, pp. 177–193.
11.
CarducciV (2006) Culture jamming: A sociological perspective. Journal of Consumer Culture6(1): 116–138.
12.
CavicchiD (1998) Tramps Like Us: Music and Meaning Among Springsteen Fans, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
13.
CelsiRLRoseRLLeighTW (1993) An exploration of high-risk leisure consumption through skydiving. Journal of Consumer Research20(1): 1–23.
14.
Chung E, Farrelly F, Beverland MB, et al. (2018) Loyalty or liability: Resolving the consumer fanaticism paradox. Marketing Theory. 18(1): 3–30.
15.
ColasD (1997) Civil Society and Fanaticism: Conjoined Histories, Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
16.
CovaB (1997) Community and consumption: Towards a definition of the “linking value” of product or services. European Journal of Marketing31(3/4): 297–316.
17.
CovaBDalliD (2009) Working consumers: The next step in marketing theory?Marketing Theory9(3): 315–339.
CovaBPaceS (2006) Brand community of convenience products: New forms of customer empowerment – The case “my Nutella The Community.”. European Journal of Marketing40(9/10): 1087–1105.
20.
CovaBPaceSSkålénP (2015) Brand volunteering: Value co-creation with unpaid consumers. Marketing Theory15: 465–485.
21.
CovaBWhiteT (2010) Counter-brand and alter-brand communities: The impact of Web 2.0 on tribal marketing approaches. Journal of Marketing Management26(3–4): 256–270.
22.
CrawfordG (2004) Consuming Sport: Fans, Sport and Culture, London: Routledge.
23.
Cristofari C and Guitton MJ (2017) Aca-fans and fan communities: An operative framework. Journal of Consumer Culture. 17(3): 713–731.
24.
DolbecP-YFischerE (2015) Refashioning a field? Connected consumers and institutional dynamics in markets. Journal of Consumer Research41(6): 1447–1468.
25.
DossEL (1999) Elvis Culture: Fans, Faith, and Image, Lawrence, KS: University Press of Kansas.
26.
DuffettM (2003) False faith or false comparison? A critique of the religious interpretation of Elvis fan culture. Popular Music and Society26(4): 513–522.
27.
DuffettM (2013) Understanding Fandom: An Introduction to the Study of Media Fan Culture, London: Bloomsbury Publishing.
28.
EarlJKimportK (2009) Movement societies and digital protest: Fan activism and other nonpolitical protest online. Sociological Theory27(3): 220–243.
29.
EspositoJL (1999) The Islamic Threat: Myth or Reality?, New York: Oxford University Press.
30.
FigueiredoBScarabotoD (2016) The systemic creation of value through circulation in collaborative consumer networks. Journal of Consumer Research43(4): 509–533.
31.
FiskeJ (1987) Television Culture, New York: Routledge.
32.
FiskeJ (1989a) Reading the Popular, London: Unwin Hyman.
33.
FiskeJ (1989b) Understanding Popular Culture, New York: Routledge.
34.
FiskeJ (1992) The cultural economy of fandom. In: LewisLA (ed.) The Adoring Audience: Fan Culture and Popular Media, New York: Routledge, pp. 30–49.
35.
FiskeJ (1993) Power Plays Power Works, London: Verso Books.
36.
FiskeJ (1996) Media matters: Everyday culture and political change. Media Culture & Society18(1): 163–165.
37.
Fiske J (2010 [1989b]) Understanding Popular Culture. New York: Routledge.
38.
GieslerM (2006) Consumer gift systems. Journal of Consumer Research33(2): 283–290.
39.
GieslerM (2008) Conflict and compromise: Drama in marketplace evolution. Journal of Consumer Research34(6): 739–753.
40.
GouldingCSarenM (2007) “Gothic” entrepreneurs: A study of the subcultural commodification process. In: CovaBKozinetsRVShankarA (eds) Consumer Tribes, Burlington, MA: Butterworth-Heinemann, pp. 227–242.
41.
GrayJ (2003) New audiences, new textualities: Anti-fans and non-fans. International Journal of Cultural Studies6(1): 64–81.
42.
GrayJCornellSLeeHC (2007) Fandom: Identities and Communities in a Mediated World, New York: New York University Press.
43.
GuschwanM (2012) Fandom, brandom and the limits of participatory culture. Journal of Consumer Culture12(1): 19–40.
44.
HaynalAMolnarMde PuymègeG (1983) Fanaticism: A Historical and Psychoanalytical Study, New York: Schoecken Books.
45.
Hewer P, Gannon M, and Cordina R (2017). Discordant fandom and global football brands: ‘Let the people sing’. Journal of Consumer Culture 17(3): 600–619.
46.
HillsM (2002) Fan Cultures, London: Routledge.
47.
HillsM (2007) Media academics as media audiences: Aesthetic judgments in media and cultural studies. In: GrayJCornellSLeeHC (eds) Fandom: Identities and Communities in a Mediated World, New York: New York University Press, pp. 33–47.
48.
HillsM (2014) Doctor Who’s textual commemorators: Fandom, collective memory and the self-commodification of fanfac. The Journal of Fandom Studies2(1): 31–51.
49.
HillsM (2015) Location, location, location: Citizen-fan journalists’ “set reporting” and info-war in the digital age. In: GeraghtyL (ed.) Popular Media Cultures, London: Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 164–185.
50.
HoltDB (2004) How Brands Become Icons: The Principles of Cultural Branding, Cambridge, MA: Harvard Business Press.
51.
HoltDB (2006) Jack Daniel’s America: Iconic brands as ideological parasites and proselytizers. Journal of Consumer Culture6(3): 355–377.
52.
Izberk-BilginE (2012) Infidel brands: Unveiling alternative meanings of global brands at the nexus of globalization, consumer culture, and Islamism. Journal of Consumer Research39(4): 663–687.
53.
JancovichMHuntN (2004) The mainstream, distinctions and cult TV. In: Gwenllian-JonesSPearsonRE (eds) Cult Television, Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press, pp. 27–44.
54.
JenkinsH (1992) Textual Poachers: Television Fans and Participatory Culture, New York: Routledge.
55.
JenkinsH (1995) Infinite diversity in infinite combinations: Genre and authorship in Star Trek. In: TullochJJenkinsH (eds) Science Fiction Audiences: Watching Doctor Who and Star Trek, New York: Routledge, pp. 175–195.
56.
JenkinsH (2006a) Convergence Culture, New York: New York University Press.
57.
JenkinsH (2006b) Fans, Bloggers, and Gamers, New York: New York University Press.
58.
JenkinsH (2007) The future of fandom. In: GrayJCornellSLeeHC (eds) Fandom: Identities and Communities in a Mediated World, New York: New York University Press, pp. 357–364.
JindraM (1994) Star Trek fandom as a religious phenomenon. Sociology of Religion55(1): 27–51.
64.
Jones B (2012) Being of service: “X-Files” fans and social engagement. In: Jenkins H and Shresthova S (eds) Transformative Works and Fan Activism (Special issue: Transformative Works and Cultures 10). Available at: http://journal.transformativeworks.org/index.php/twc/article/view/309/275 (accessed 23 April 2018).
65.
KozinetsRV (1997) “I want to believe”: A netnography of the X-Files’ subculture of consumption. Advances in Consumer Research24: 470–475.
66.
KozinetsRV (2001) Utopian enterprise: Articulating the meanings of Star Trek’s culture of consumption. Journal of Consumer Research28(1): 67–88.
67.
KozinetsRV (2002) Can consumers escape the market? Emancipatory illuminations from Burning Man. Journal of Consumer Research29(1): 20–38.
68.
KozinetsRV (2007) Inno-tribes: Star Trek as Wikimedia. In: CovaBKozinetsRVShankarA (eds) Consumer Tribes, London: Butterworth-Heinemann, pp. 194–211.
69.
KozinetsRV (2014) Fan creep: Why brands suddenly need “fans.”. In: MannD (ed.) Wired TV: Post-Network Television’s Virtual Worlds, New York: Rutger University Press, pp. 161–175.
70.
KozinetsRVHandelmanJM (2004) Adversaries of consumption: Consumer movements, activism, and ideology. Journal of Consumer Research31(3): 691–704.
71.
KristensenDBBoyeHAskegaardS (2011) Leaving the milky way! The formation of a consumer counter mythology. Journal of Consumer Culture11(2): 195–214.
72.
LeighTWPetersCSheltonJ (2006) The consumer quest for authenticity: The multiplicity of meanings within the MG subculture of consumption. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science34(4): 481–493.
73.
LewisLA (1992) The Adoring Audience, New York: Routledge.
74.
LuedickeMKThompsonCJGieslerM (2010) Consumer identity work as moral protagonism: How myth and ideology animate a brand-mediated moral conflict. Journal of Consumer Research36(6): 1016–1032.
75.
McAlexanderJHSchoutenJW (1998) Brandfests: Servicescapes for the cultivation of brand equity. In: SherryJ (ed.) Servicescapes: The Concept of Place in Contemporary Markets, Chicago, IL: NTC Business Books, pp. 377–402.
76.
McAlexanderJHSchoutenJWKoenigHF (2002) Building brand community. Journal of Marketing66(1): 38–54.
McKeeA (2004) How to tell the difference between production and consumption: A case study in Doctor Who fandom. In: Gwenllian-JonesSPearsonRE (eds) Cult Television, Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press, pp. 167–186.
79.
MartinDMSchoutenJW (2014) Consumption-driven market emergence. Journal of Consumer Research40(5): 855–870.
80.
MichaelJ (2015) It’s really not hip to be a hipster: Negotiating trends and authenticity in the cultural field. Journal of Consumer Culture15(2): 163–182.
81.
MuñizAMJrO’GuinnTC (2001) Brand community. Journal of Consumer Research27(4): 412–432.
82.
MuñizAM JrSchauHJ (2005) Religiosity in the abandoned Apple Newton brand community. Journal of Consumer Research31(4): 737–747.
83.
O’GuinnTCMuñizAM Jr (2004) The polit-brand and blows against the empire: The collectively approved brands of the new-new left. In: KhanBLuceMF (eds) Advances in Consumer Research, Provo, UT: Association for Consumer Research, pp. 100.
84.
O’GuinnTCMuñizAM Jr (2005) Communal consumption and the brand. In: SrinivasanRMickDG (eds) Inside Consumption: Consumer Motives, Goals, and Desires, New York: Routledge, pp. 252–272.
85.
Planells JA (2017) Video games and the crowdfunding ideology: From the gamer-buyer to the prosumer-investor. Journal of Consumer Culture 17(3): 620–638.
86.
ParmentierM-AFischerE (2015) Things fall apart: The dynamics of brand audience dissipation. Journal of Consumer Research41(5): 1228–1251.
87.
PongsakornrungsilpSSchroederJ (2011) Understanding value co-creation in a co-consuming brand community. Marketing Theory11(3): 303–324.
88.
RitzerG (2014) Prosumption: Evolution, revolution, or eternal return of the same?Journal of Consumer Culture14(1): 3–24.
89.
RobsonH (2010) Television and the cult audience: A primer. In: AbbottS (ed.) The Cult TV Book, London: I.B. Tauris, pp. 209–220.
90.
ScarabotoD (2015) Selling, sharing, and everything in between: The hybrid economies of collaborative networks. Journal of Consumer Research42(1): 152–176.
91.
SchauHJMuñizAM Jr (2007) Temperance and religiosity in non-marginal, non-stigmatized brand community. In: CovaBKozinetsRVShankarA (eds) Consumer Tribes, Burlington, MA: Butterworth-Heinemann, pp. 144–162.
92.
SchauHJMuñizAM JrArnouldEJ (2009) How brand community practices create value. Journal of Marketing73(5): 30–51.
93.
SchembriS (2009) Reframing brand experience: The experiential meaning of Harley-Davidson. Journal of Business Research62(12): 1299–1310.
94.
SchoutenJWMcAlexanderJH (1995) Subcultures of consumption: An ethnography of the new bikers. Journal of Consumer Research22(1): 43–61.
95.
SchulzJ (2006) Vehicle of the self: The social and cultural work of the H2 Hummer. Journal of Consumer Culture6(1): 57–86.
SereginaAWeijoH (2016) Play at any cost: How cosplayers produce and sustain their ludic communal consumption experiences. Journal of Consumer Research44(1): 139–159.
98.
SimonB (2011) Not going to Starbucks: Boycotts and the out-scouring of politics in the branded world. Journal of Consumer Culture11(2): 145–167.
99.
SmithSFisherDColeSJ (2007) The lived meanings of fanaticism: Understanding the complex role of labels and categories in defining the self in consumer culture. Consumption Markets & Culture10(2): 77–94.
StrattonGNorthcoteJ (2016) When totems beget clans: The brand symbol as the defining marker of brand communities. Journal of Consumer Culture16(2): 493–509.
102.
ThomasTCPriceLLSchauHJ (2013) When differences unite: Resource dependence in heterogeneous consumption communities. Journal of Consumer Research39(5): 1010–1033.
103.
ThorneSBrunerGC (2006) An exploratory investigation of the characteristics of consumer fanaticism. Qualitative Market Research: An International Journal9(1): 51–72.
104.
ToscanoA (2010) Fanaticism: On the Uses of an Idea, London: Verso.
Ulusoy E and Fırat FA (2016) Toward a theory of subcultural mosaic: Fragmentation into and within subcultures. Journal of Consumer Culture. Epub ahead of print 15 September 2016. DOI: 10.1177/1469540516668225.
107.
von HippelE (2005) Democratizing Innovation, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
108.
ZwickDBonsuSKDarmodyA (2008) Putting consumers to work: Co-creation and new marketing govern-mentality. Journal of Consumer Culture8(2): 163–196.