High speed photography using the Cranz-Schardin camera was performed to study the crack divergence and divergence angle in thermally tempered glass. A tempered 3.5 mm thick glass plate was used as a specimen. It was shown that two types of bifurcation and branching existed as the crack divergence. The divergence angle was smaller than the value calculated from the principle of optimal design and showed an acute angle.
AkeyoshiK.KanaiE.YamamotoK. and ShimaS., Study on the physical tempering of glass plates (Part 1) - Effects of thermal conditions on permanent stress and fragment density of tempered glass plates, Rept. Res. Lab., Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.17 (1967), 23–36.
2.
AokiS.ShimokawaM.HiranoM. and SakataM., Study on the dynamic crack propagation in brittle materials, JSME41 (1975), 1942–1948, (in Japanese).
3.
ArataniS., Estimation of the stress σCR generated at propagating crack front in zone-tempered glass, J. Ceram. Soc. Jpn.126(4) (2018), 246–252.
4.
ArataniS.OginohK. and TakatsuM., Crack propagation in tempered glass, J. Mater. Sci. Jpn.40(448) (1991), 46–50 (in Japanese).
5.
ArataniS.TaharaM.OhmiS. and NishiM., Crack propagation and stress field change in zone-tempered glass, J. Jpn. Soc. Strength Frac. Materi.48(1) (2014), 1–9 (in Japanese).
6.
ArataniS.YamauchiY.KusumotoJ. and TakahashiK., Dynamic fracture process of thermally tempered glass studied by the method of caustics, J. Ceram. Soc. Jpn., Int. Edition101 (1993), 783–786.
7.
ArataniS.YamauchiY.OginohK. and TakahashiK., Generation of secondary cracks in tempered soda-lime-silica glass, J. Ceram. Soc. Jpn.105(9) (1993), 506–507.
8.
ArataniS.YamauchiY. and TakahashiK., Crack velocity in thermally tempered glass, J. Ceram. Soc. Jpn.105(9) (1997), 789–794 (in Japanese).
9.
HaraM., Fracture phenomena of glass, J. Mater. Sci. Soc. Jpn. (1) (1964), 21–26 (in Japanese).
10.
HaraM., Understanding of mechanical properties and the estimation methods, in: Mechanical Properties of Ceramics, Yogyo-Kyokai, Japan, 1979, pp. 49–57 (in Japanese).
11.
HaraM. and ShinkaiN., Fracture of glass, J. Mater. Sci. Soc. Jpn.10 (1973), 34–40 (in Japanese).
12.
OkaS., Rheology, Shohkabo (1974), 424–431 (in Japanese).
13.
TakahashiK., Trial of multi-spark camera by pulse control, J. Jpn. Soc. Aeronautical Space Sci.9(331) (1981), 447–452 (in Japanese).
14.
TakahashiK.ArataniS. and YamauchiY., Dynamic fracture in zone-tempered glasses observed by high-speed photoelastic colour photography, JMS Letters11 (1992), 15–17.
15.
TakatsuM.ArataniS.HibinoH. and MishimaM., Effect of local residual stress on crack propagation in thermal tempered glass, J. Mater. Sci. Jpn.33(375) (1984), 1540–1544 (in Japanese).
16.
TakatsuM. and IkedaK., An experimental observation of tempering of flat glass, Yogyo-kyokai-shi84(1) (1976), 19–23 (in Japanese).
17.
Toshimitsu YokoboriA., Fracture pattern of rock, Private communication.