This article analyses from an institutional perspective efforts by two entrepreneurs in governmental organizations to promote new practices and programmes and the nature of the challenges they encounter as they deviate from, and attempt to disrupt, institutionalized practices. These two case studies are used to gain knowledge on why and how individuals become institutional entrepreneurs. The article provides insights into the processes an institutional entrepreneur goes through in an institution that does not provide support. The authors finally suggest potential avenues for cross-fertilization between the corporate entrepreneurship and institutional entrepreneurship literatures.
ArcherM. (2000), Being Human. The Problem of Agency, Cambridge University Press, New York.
2.
AssensC.BaroncelliA. (2002), Firms Dynamics. The Ineluctable ‘Entanglement’ of the Organizational Forms, working paper, 18th EGOS Colloquium, 4–6 July, Barcelona.
3.
BakerT.NelsonR. E. (2005), ‘Creating something from nothing: Resource construction through entrepreneurial bricolage’, Administrative Science Quarterly, Vol 50, pp 329–366.
4.
BassoO. (2006), ‘Peut-on manager les intrapreneurs?’Revue Française de Gestion, Vol 32, November/December, pp 225–241.
5.
BattilanaJ. (2006), ‘Agency and institutions: The enabling role of individuals' social position’, Organization, Vol 13, No 5, pp 653–676.
6.
BourdieuP. (1988), Homo Academicus, Stanford University Press, Stanford, CA.
7.
BourdieuP. (2005), The Social Structures of the Economy, Polity Press, Cambridge.
8.
BurgelmanR. A. (1983), ‘A process model of internal corporate venturing in the diversified major firm’, Administrative Science Quarterly, Vol 28, pp 223–244.
9.
CappsR.ClermontP. (2004), Entrepreneurship and Innovation in Quebec: How the Province Became a World-Class Player, Praeger Publishers, Westport, CT.
10.
CourpassonD.CleggS.DanyF. (2008), ‘They should listen to us: Stories of accommodation to unexpected resistance in the workplace’, paper presented at the OTREG Seminar, HEC, Paris.
11.
CreedW. E. D.ScullyM. A.AustinJ. R. (2002), ‘Clothes make the person? The tailoring of legitimating accounts and the social construction of identity’, Organization Science, Vol 13, No 5, pp 475–496.
12.
DacinM. T.GoldsteinJ.ScottW. R. (2002), ‘Institutional theory and institutional change: Introduction to the special research forum’, Academy of Management Journal, Vol 45, No 1, pp 45–57.
13.
DewN. (2006), ‘Institutional entrepreneurship: A Coasian perspective’, International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation, Vol 7, No 1, pp 13–22.
14.
DiMaggioJ. (1988), ‘Interest and agency in institutional theory’, in ZuckerL. G., ed, Institutional Patterns and Organizations: Culture and Environment, Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ, pp 3–22.
15.
DobbinF. (1994), Forging Industrial Policy: The United States, Britain, and France in the Railway Age, Cambridge University Press, New York.
16.
DoradoS. (2005), ‘Institutional entrepreneurship, partaking, and convening’, Organization Studies, Vol 26, No 3, pp 385–414.
17.
DouglasM. (1986), How Institutions Think, Syracuse University Press, Syracuse, NY.
18.
ElfordE.HemstreetB. (1996), ‘Intrapreneurship – a new way of doing business: Maintaining academic integrity in the face of the political imperative to make money’, Proceedings of the 5th Annual International Conference of the National Community College Chair Academy, Phoenix, AZ.
19.
EmirbayerM.MischeA. (1998), ‘What is agency?’American Journal of Sociology, Vol 103, p 962.
20.
FillionL. J. (1997), ‘Le champ de l'entrepreneuriat: Historique, évolution, tendances’, Revue Internationale de Gestion, Vol 101, No 2, pp 130–172.
21.
FlemingP.SpicerA. (2007), Contesting the Corporation, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
22.
FligsteinN. (1997), ‘Social skill and institutional theory’, American Behavioral Scientist, Vol 40, pp 397–405.
23.
FligsteinN. (2001), The Architecture of Markets: An Economic Sociology of Twenty-First Century Capitalist Societies, Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ.
24.
FloydS. W.LaneP. J. (2000), ‘Strategizing throughout the organization: Managing role conflict in strategic renewal’, Academy of Management Review, Vol 25, pp 154–177.
25.
FriedlandR.AlfordR. R. (1991), ‘Bringing society back in: Symbols, practices, and institutional contradictions’, in PowellW. W.DiMaggioP., eds, The New Institutionalism in Organizational Analysis, University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL, pp 232–263.
26.
GartnerW. B.ShaneS. A. (1995), ‘Measuring entrepreneurship over time’, Journal of Business Venturing, Vol 10, pp 283–301.
27.
GarudR.HardyC.MaguireS. (2007), ‘Institutional entrepreneurship as embedded agency: An introduction to the Special Issue’, Organization Studies, Vol 28, pp 957–968.
28.
GarudR.KarnøeP. (2003), ‘Bricolage versus breakthrough: Distributed and embedded agency in technology entrepreneurship’, Research Policy, Vol 32, pp 277–300.
29.
GiddensA. (1979), Central Problems in Social Theory, University of California Press, Berkeley, CA.
30.
GreenwoodR.SuddabyR. (2006), ‘Institutional entrepreneurship in mature fields: The Big Five accounting firms’, Academy of Management Journal, Vol 49, No 1, pp 27–48.
31.
GreenwoodR.SuddabyR.HiningsC. R. (2002), ‘Theorizing change: The role of professional associations in the transformation of institutionalized fields’, Academy of Management Journal, Vol 45, No 1, pp 58–80.
32.
HardyC.MaguireS. (2007), ‘Institutional entrepreneurship’, in GreenwoodR.OliverC.SuddabyR.Sahlin-AnderssenK., eds, Handbook of Organizational Institutionalism, Sage, London.
33.
HirschP.LounsburyM. (1997), ‘Ending the family quarrel: Towards a reconciliation of “old” and “new” institutionalism’, American Behavioral Scientist, Vol 40, pp 406–418.
34.
HisrichR. D. (1990), ‘Entrepreneurship/intrapreneurship’, American Psychologist, Vol 45, No 2, pp 209–222.
35.
HolmP. (1995), ‘The dynamics of institutionalization: Transformation processes in Norwegian fisheries’, Administrative Science Quarterly, Vol 40, pp 398–422.
36.
HwangH.PowellW. (2005), ‘Institutions and entrepreneurs’, in AlvarezS. A.AgarwalR.SorensonO., eds, Handbook of Entrepreneurship Research: Interdisciplinary Perspectives, Springer, New York, pp 201–233.
37.
IrelandR. D.CovinJ. G.KuratkoD. F. (2009), ‘Conceptualizing corporate entrepreneurship strategy’, Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, Vol 33, No 1, pp 19–46.
38.
KraatzM. S.BlockE. S. (2007), ‘Institutional pluralism: Some implications for organizational legitimacy, governance and change’, in GreenwoodR.OliverC.SuddabyR.Sahlin-AnderssonK., eds, Handbook of Organizational Institutionalism, Sage, London.
39.
LawrenceT. (2008), ‘Power, institutions and organizations’, in GreenwoodR.OliverC.SuddabyR.Sahlin-AnderssonK., eds, Handbook of Organizational Institutionalism, Sage, London, pp 170–197.
40.
LawrenceT. B.SuddabyR. (2006), ‘Institutions and institutional work’, in CleggS.NordW. R.LawrenceT. B., eds, Handbook of Organization Studies, Sage, London.
41.
LecaB.NaccacheP. (2006), ‘A critical realist approach to institutional entrepreneurship’, Organization, Vol 13, No 5, pp 627–651.
42.
MaguireS.HardyC.LawrenceT. B. (2004), ‘Institutional entrepreneurship in emerging fields: HIV/AIDS treatment advocacy in Canada’, Academy of Management Journal, Vol 47, No 5, pp 657–679.
43.
MairJ.MartíI. (2009), ‘Entrepreneurship in and around institutional voids: A case study from Bangladesh’, Journal of Business Venturing, Vol 24, No 5, pp 419–435.
44.
MarchJ. G. (1994), A Primer on Decision-Making, The Free Press, New York.
45.
MarchJ. G.OlsenJ. P. (1995), Democratic Governance, The Free Press, New York.
46.
MarquisC.LounsburyM. (2007), ‘Vive la résistance: Competing logics and the consolidation of U.S. community banking’, Academy of Management Journal, Vol 50, No 4, pp 799–820.
47.
MartíI.MairJ. (2009), ‘Bringing change into the lives of the poor: Entrepreneurship outside traditional boundaries’, in LawrenceT. B.SuddabyR.LecaB., eds, Institutional Work: Actors and Agency in Institutional Studies of Organization, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp 91–119.
48.
MinerJ. B. (1997), A Psychological Typology of Successful Entrepreneurs, Quorum Books, Westport, CT.
49.
MorrillC.ZaldM. N.RaoH. (2003), ‘Covert political conflict in organizations: Challenges from below’, Annual Review of Sociology, Vol 29, pp 391–415.
50.
OliverC. (1991), ‘Strategic responses to institutional processes’, Academy of Management Review, Vol 16, No 1, pp 145–179.
51.
PattonM. Q. (2002), Qualitative Research and Evaluation Methods, Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA.
52.
PerkmannM.SpicerA. (2007), ‘“Healing the scars of history”: Projects, skills and field strategies in institutional entrepreneurship’, Organization Studies, Vol 28, pp 1101–1122.
53.
PideritS. K. (2000), ‘Rethinking resistance and recognizing ambivalence: A multidimensional view of attitudes toward an organizational change’, Academy of Management Review, Vol 25, No 4, pp 783–794.
54.
RaoH. (1998), ‘Caveat emptor: The construction of nonprofit consumer watchdog organizations’, American Journal of Sociology, Vol 103, pp 912–961.
55.
RothV. J.MacIntoshL. B. P. (1986), ‘Public opinion and the measurement of customer satisfaction with government services’, Canadian Public Administration, Vol 33, No 4, pp 571–583.
56.
SchneibergM. (2007), ‘What's on the path? Path dependence, organizational diversity and the problem of institutional change in the US economy, 1900–1950’, Socio-Economic Review, Vol 5, pp 47–80.
57.
ScottJ. C. (1985), Weapons of the Weak: Everyday Forms of Peasant Resistance, Yale University Press, New Haven, CT.
58.
ScottW. R. (2001), Institutions and Organizations, 2 ed, Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks, CA.
59.
SelznickP. (1949), TVA and the Grass Roots, University of California Press, Berkeley, CA.
60.
SelznickP. (1957), Leadership in Administration, Harper & Row, New York.
61.
SeoM. G.CreedW. E. D. (2002), ‘Institutional contradictions, praxis, and institutional change: A dialectical perspective’, Academy of Management Review, Vol 27, No 2, pp 222–247.
62.
SewellW. H. (1992), ‘A theory of structure: Duality, agency, and transformation’, American Journal of Sociology, Vol 98, No 1, p 1.
63.
ShaneS.VenkataramanS. (2000), ‘The promise of entrepreneurship as a field of research’, Academy of Management Review, Vol 25, No 1, p 217.
64.
SharmaP.ChrismanS. J. (1999), ‘Toward a reconciliation of the definitional issues in the field of corporate entrepreneurship’, Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, Vol 23, No 3, pp 11–27.
65.
StevensonH. H.JarilloJ. C. (1990), ‘A paradigm of entrepreneurship: Entrepreneurial management’, Strategic Management Journal, Vol 11, pp 17–27.
66.
StrykerS. (1987), ‘Identity theory: Developments and extensions’, in YardleyK.HonessT., eds, Self and Identity: Psychosocial Perspective, Wiley, New York.
67.
StrykerS.SerpeR. T. (1982), ‘Identity salience and psychological centrality: Equivalent, overlapping, or complementary concepts?’Social Psychology Quarterly, Vol 57, No 1, pp 16–35.
68.
SuchmanM. (1995), ‘Managing legitimacy: Strategic and institutional approaches’, Academy of Management Review, Vol 20, pp 571–611.
69.
WeberK.GlynnM. A. (2006), ‘Making sense with institutions: Context, thought and action in Karl Weick's theory’, Organization Studies, Vol 27, No 11, pp 1639–1660.
70.
YinR. K. (2003), Case Study Research: Design and Method, Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks, CA.
