This peer-reviewed journal provides the latest research on the development, validation, and application of new and innovative in vitro testing methods for predicting adverse effects of drugs, chemicals, and products in the pharmaceutical, chemical, or personal care industries. The journal addresses the issues facing these industries by including discussions on regulatory requirements; the reduction, refinement, and replacement of animal testing; new screening methods; evaluation of new cell and tissue models; and the most appropriate methods for assessing safety and satisfying regulatory demands. The journal endeavors to serve as the foremost journal for researchers focusing on the development and use of in vitro methods to understand the effects of test agents on biological systems. The journal aims to help organizations involved with hazard identification and risk assessment understand how new and existing in vitro methods are applied, and the questions for which these models provide answers.