This article examines the power relations that unfold when Indigenous-led struggles invoke settler-colonial law toward protection from industry’s impacts. Building on Critical Race Theory, I posit a ‘triple-helical’ relationship between law, power, and ideology, which coproduce one another, mediated by nudges from individual agents. I argue that the triple-helix of Indigenous rights to protection from industry’s impacts has stagnated, due to industrial capitalism’s pushback through social regularization processes as well as its capture of formal and informal regulators and of discourses and ideologies. I conclude with a research agenda for applying the triple-helix framework to Indigenous-led engagements with industry.
AgliettaM (1979) A Theory of Capitalist Regulation: The US Experience. London: Verso.
2.
AlbistonCRLeachmanGM (2015) Law as an instrument of social change. In: WrightJD (ed) International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences, 2nd edition, Vol. 13. Oxford: Elsevier, pp. 542–549.
3.
AlcantaraCSpicerZ (2016) A new model for making Aboriginal policy? Evaluating the Kelowna Accord and the promise of multilevel governance in Canada. Canadian Public Administration59(2): 183–203.
4.
AllenJ (2003) Lost Geographies of Power. Malden, Mass: Blackwell.
5.
AllenJ (2011) Topological twists: power’s shifting geographies. Dialogues in Human Geography1(3): 283–298.
6.
AllenJ (2016) Topologies of Power: Beyond Territory and Networks. London: Routledge.
7.
AlthusserL (2005 (1969)) For Marx. London: Verso.
8.
AltmanA (1986) Legal realism, critical legal studies, and Dworkin. Philosophy & Public Affairs15(3): 205–235.
9.
AndolinaRLaurieNRadcliffeSA (2009) Indigenous Development in the Andes: Culture, Power, and Transnationalism. Durham: Duke University Press.
10.
AndrewsEMcCarthyJ (2014) Scale, shale, and the state: political ecologies and legal geographies of shale gas development in Pennsylvania. Journal of Environmental Studies and Sciences4: 7–16.
11.
AnthiasP (2018) Limits to Decolonization: Indigeneity, Territory, and Hydrocarbon Politics in the Bolivian Chaco. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.
12.
ArceM (2014) Resource Extraction and Protest in Peru. Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press.
13.
AuyeroJSwistunDA (2009) Flammable: Environmental Suffering in an Argentine Shantytown. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
14.
AyresIBraithwaiteJ (1992) Responsive Regulation: Transcending the Deregulation Debate. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
15.
BarkerAJPickerillJ (2020) Doings with the land and sea: decolonising geographies, Indigeneity, and enacting place-agency. Progress in Human Geography44(4): 640–662.
16.
BebbingtonA (2012) Underground political ecologies: the second annual lecture of the cultural and political ecology specialty group of the association of American geographers. Geoforum43(6): 1152–1162.
17.
BellD (1980) Brown v. Board of education and the interest convergence dilemma. Harvard Law Review98(3): 518–533.
18.
BellD (1992) Racial realism. Connecticut Law Review24(2): 363–379.
19.
BerkowitzLWalkerN (1967) Laws and moral judgments. Sociometry30(4): 410–422.
20.
BlomleyN (1994) Law, Space and the Geographies of Power. New York, NY: Guilford Press.
21.
BlomleyNBakanJ (1992) Spacing out: towards a critical geography of law. Osgoode Hall Law Journal30(3): 661–690.
22.
BlomleyNLaboveJ (2015) Law and geography. In: WrightJD (ed) International Encyclopedia of the Social and Behavioral Sciences. Second Edition. Amsterdam: Elsevier, pp.474–478.
23.
BoothJASeligsonMA (2005) Political legitimacy and participation in Costa Rica: evidence of arena shopping. Political Research Quarterly58(4): 537–550.
24.
BorrowsJ (2015) The durability of terra nullius: Tsilhqot’in nation v. British Columbia. U.B.C. Law Review48(3): 701–742.
25.
BratmanEZ (2014) Contradictions of green development: human rights and environmental norms in light of Belo Monte Dam activism. Journal of Latin American Studies46(2): 261–289.
26.
BravermanIBlomleyNDelaneyD, et al. (2014) Introduction: expanding the spaces of law. In: BravermanIBlomleyNDelaneyD, et al. (eds) The Expanding Spaces of Law: A Timely Legal Geography. Stanford: Stanford Law Books, pp. 1–29.
27.
BrayboyBMJ (2005) Toward a tribal critical race theory in education. The Urban Review37(5): 425–446.
28.
BrayboyBMJ (2013) Tribal critical race theory: an origin story and future directions. In: LynnMDixsonAD (eds) Handbook of Critical Race Theory in education. New York, NY: Routledge, pp. 88–100.
29.
BrickellKCuomoD (2019) Feminist geolegality. Progress in Human Geography43(1): 104–122.
30.
BridgeGMcManusP (2000) Sticks and stones: environmental narratives and discursive regulation in the forestry and mining sectors. Antipode32(1): 10–47.
31.
BrodskyBPersikovAV (2005) Molecular structure of the collagen triple helix. In: ParryDADSquireJM (eds) Advances in Protein Chemistry Volume 7: Fibrous Proteins: Coiled-Coils, Collagen and Elastomers. Cambridge, MA: Academic Press, pp. 301–339.
32.
BrownKJacksonDD (2013) The history and conceptual elements of Critical Race Theory. In: LynnMDixsonAD (eds) Handbook of Critical Race Theory in Education. New York, NY: Routledge, pp. 9–22.
33.
BryskA (2000) From Tribal Village to Global Village. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
34.
CalvanoL (2008) Multinational corporations and local communities: a critical analysis of conflict. Journal of Business Ethics82: 793–805.
35.
CampbellB (2012) Corporate Social Responsibility and development in Africa: redefining the roles and responsibilities of public and private actors in the mining sector. Resources Policy37: 138–143.
36.
CarmaltJC (2018) For critical geographies of human rights. Progress in Human Geography42(6): 847–861.
37.
CastellsM (2012) Networks of Outrage and Hope: Social Movements in the Internet Age. Cambridge: Polity Press.
38.
CesarS (2019) Earning a social license to operate in mining: a case study from Peru. Resources Policy64: 101482.
39.
ChangRS (1993) Toward an Asian American legal scholarship: critical race theory, post-structuralism, and narrative space. California Law Review81(5): 1243.
40.
ChenS (2016) Dawning of hope: practice of and reflections on indigenous teacher education in Taiwan. Policy Futures in Education14(7): 943–955.
41.
ChiaravallotiR (2019) The displacement of insufficiently ‘traditional’ communities: local fisheries in the Pantanal. Conservation and Society17(2): 173–183.
42.
ChurchillW (1993) Struggle for the Land: Indigenous resistance to Genocide, Ecocide and Expropriation in Contemporary North America. Monroe, ME: Common Courage Press.
43.
CiupaK (2017) The promise of rights: International indigenous rights in the neoliberal era. In: BrabazonH (ed) Neoliberal Legality: Understanding the Role of Law in the Neoliberal Project. Oxon: Routledge, pp. 140–166.
44.
ColemanLM (2013) The making of docile dissent: neoliberalization and resistance in Colombia and beyond. International Political Sociology7: 170–187.
45.
CondeMLe BillonP (2017) Why do some communities resist mining projects while others do not?The Extractive Industries and Society4(3): 681–697.
46.
ConnollyW (1995) Ethos of Pluralization. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press.
47.
ContrerasGBosJWBKleimeierS (2019) Self-regulation in sustainable finance: the adoption of the Equator Principles. World Development122: 306–324.
48.
CorreiaJE (2018) Indigenous rights at a crossroads: territorial struggles, the Inter-American Court of Human Rights, and legal geographies of liminality. Geoforum97: 73–83.
49.
CorreiaJE (2019) Unsettling territory: indigenous mobilizations, the territorial turn, and the limits of land rights in the Paraguay-Brazil borderlands. Journal of Latin American Geography18(1): 11–37.
50.
CoulthardG (2014) Red Skin White Masks: Rejecting the Colonial Politics of Recognition. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press.
51.
CrenshawK (1989) Demarginalizing the intersection of race and sex: a Black feminist critique of antidiscrimination doctrine, feminist theory and antiracist politics. University of Chicago Legal Forum1989: 139–167.
52.
CrosbyAMonaghanJ (2018) Policing Indigenous Movements: Dissent and the Security State. Halifax: Fernwood Publishing.
53.
DaltonHL (1987) The clouded prism. Harvard Civil Rights-Civil Liberties Law Review22(2): 435–448.
54.
DarmerMKB (2012) The enduring force of Scalia’s Lawrence and Romer dissents: the case for Proposition 8. Berkeley La Raza Law Journal22(1): 155–174.
55.
DelaneyD (2001) Making nature/marking humans: law as a site of (cultural) production. Annals of the Association of American Geographers91(3): 487–503.
56.
DelaneyD (2016) Legal geography II: discerning injustice. Progress in Human Geography40(2): 267–274.
57.
DelaneyD (2017) Legal geography III: new worlds, new convergences. Progress in Human Geography41(5): 667–675.
58.
DeleuzeGGuattariF (1987) A Thousand Plateaus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press.
59.
DelgadoR (1992) Derrick Bell’s racial realism: a comment on white optimism and black despair. Connecticut Law Review24: 527–532.
60.
DelgadoR (2008) A comment on Rosenberg’s new edition of The Hollow Hope. Northwestern University Law Review103: 147–152.
61.
DietrichAS (2011) Coercive harmony, deep capture and environmental justice in Puerto Rico. Development and Change42(6): 1441–1463.
62.
DoyleCM (2015) Indigenous Peoples, Title to Territory, Rights and Resources: The Transformative Role of Free Prior and informed Consent. London: Routledge.
63.
DuffyR (2006) Non-governmental organisations and governance states: the impact of transnational environmental management networks in Madagascar. Environmental Politics15(5): 731–749.
64.
EllinghausK (2014) Mixed-descent Indian identity and assimilation policy. In: SmithersGDNewmanBN (eds) Native Diasporas: Indigenous Identities and Settler Colonialism in the Americas. Lincoln, Nebraska: University of Nebraska Press, pp.297–316.
65.
EngleK (2010) The Elusive Promise of Indigenous Development: Rights, Culture, Strategy. Durham, NCA: Duke University Press.
EskridgeWNJr (2002) Some effects of identity-based social movements on constitutional law in the twentieth century. Michigan Law Review100(8): 2062–2407.
68.
EskridgeWNJr (2004) Lawrence’s jurisprudence of tolerance: judicial review to lower the stakes of identity politics. Minnesota Law Review88(5): 1021–1102.
69.
EspinozaLHarrisAP (1997) Afterword: embracing the Tar-Baby–Latcrit theory and the sticky mess of race. California Law Review85(5): 499.
70.
EtizioniA (2009) The capture theory of regulations – revisited. Society46: 319–323.
71.
FanonF (2001) The Wretched of the Earth. New York: Penguin.
72.
FerreeMM (2003) Resonance and radicalism: feminist framing in the abortion debates of the United States and Germany. American Journal of Sociology109(2): 304–344.
73.
FischlRM (1992) The question that killed Critical Legal Studies. Law and Social Inquiry76: 779–820.
74.
FontanaLBGrugelJ (2016) The politics of indigenous participation through “free prior informed consent”: reflections from the Bolivian case. World Development77: 249–261.
75.
FordRT (1992) Urban Space and the color line: the consequences of demarcation and disorientation in the postmodern metropolis. Harvard Blackletter Journal9: 117–148.
76.
ForestB (2004) The legal (de)construction of geography: race and political community in supreme court redistricting decisions. Social & Cultural Geography5(1): 55–73.
77.
FormanGKedarA (2004) From Arab land to ‘Israel lands’: the legal dispossession of the Palestinians displaced by Israel in the wake of 1948. Environment and Planning D: Society and Space22(6): 809–830.
78.
FosterGK (2015) Combating bribery of indigenous leaders in international business. Columbia Journal of Transnational Law54(1): 59–115.
79.
FoucaultM (1975) Surveiller et Punir. Naissance de la Prison. Paris: Gallimard.
80.
FrederiksenTHimleyM (2020) Tactics of dispossession: access, power, and subjectivity at the extractive frontier. Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers45(1): 50–64.
81.
FreemanAD (1978) Legitimizing racial discrimination through antidiscrimination law: a critical review of Supreme Court doctrine. Minnesota Law Review62(6): 1049–1119.
82.
FreireP (1970 [1968]) Pedagogy of the Oppressed. New York, NY: The Seabury Press.
83.
GarstenCHernesT (2009) Beyond CSR: Dilemmas and paradoxes of ethical conduct in transnational organizations. In: BrowneKEMilgramBL (eds) Economics and Morality: Anthropological Approaches. Lanham: AltaMira Press, pp. 189–210.
84.
GilbertJ (2006) Indigenous Peoples’ Land Rights Under International Law: From Victims to Actors. Ardsley, NY: Transnational Publishers.
85.
GoodaleM (2016) Dark matter: toward a political economy of indigenous rights and aspirational politics. Critique of Anthropology36(4): 439–457.
86.
GoverK (2018) Indigenous-state relationships and the paradoxical effects of antidiscrimination law: lessons from the Australian high court in Maloney v the queen. In: HendryJTatumMLJorgensenM, et al. (eds) Indigenous Justice: New Tools, Approaches, and Spaces. London: Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 27–52.
87.
GramsciA (1971 [1926-37]) In: HoareQNowell-SmithG (eds) Selections from the Prison Notebooks. New York, NY: International Publishers.
88.
HaleCR (2004) Rethinking indigenous politics in the era of the “Indio Permitido”. NACLA Report on the Americas38(2): 16–21.
89.
HallDHirschPLiTM (2011) Powers of Exclusion: Land Dilemmas in Southeast Asia. Honolulu, HI: University of Hawai’i Press.
90.
HalvorsenS (2019) Decolonising territory: dialogues with Latin American knowledges and grassroots strategies. Progress in Human Geography43(5): 790–814.
91.
HarawayD (1988) Situated knowledges: the science question in feminism and the privilege of partial perspective. Feminist Studies14(3): 575–599.
92.
HarveyD (1973) Social Justice and the City. Athens, GA: University of Georgia Press.
93.
HarveyD (1989) The Condition of Postmodernity: An Enquiry into the Origins of Cultural Change. Oxford and New York: Blackwell.
94.
HarveyD (2005) A Brief History of Neoliberalism. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
95.
HastehP (2012) An analysis on the duty of the state to protect indigenous peoples affected by transnational corporations and other business enterprises. United Nations Economic and Social Council: E/C.19/2012/3.
96.
HimleyM (2013) Regularizing extraction in Andean Peru: mining and social mobilization in an age of Corporate Social Responsibility. Antipode45(2): 394–416.
97.
HodgsonDL (2002) Precarious alliances: the cultural politics and structural predicaments of the indigenous rights movement in Tanzania. American Anthropologist104(4): 1086–1097.
98.
HopeJ (2017) The constraints of an ‘ironic scholar’: negotiating critical engagement with indigeneity and nature conservation. Geoforum78: 74–81.
99.
HorowitzL (2002) Daily, immediate conflicts: an analysis of villagers’ arguments about a multinational nickel mining project in New Caledonia. Oceania73(1): 35–55.
100.
HorowitzLS (2010) “Twenty years is yesterday”: science, multinational mining, and the political ecology of trust in New Caledonia. Geoforum41(4): 617–626.
101.
HorowitzLS (2011) Interpreting industry’s impacts: micropolitical ecologies of divergent community responses. Development and Change42(6): 1379–1391.
102.
HorowitzLS (2012) Translation alignment: actor-network theory, resistance, and the power dynamics of alliance in New Caledonia. Antipode44(3): 806–827.
103.
HorowitzLS (2013) Toward empathic agonism: conflicting vulnerabilities in urban wetland governance. Environment and Planning A45(10): 2344–2361.
104.
HorowitzLS (2015) Culturally articulated neoliberalization: corporate social responsibility and the capture of indigenous legitimacy in New Caledonia. Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers40(1): 88–101.
105.
HorowitzLS (2016) Rhizomic resistance meets arborescent assemblage: UNESCO world heritage and the disempowerment of indigenous activism in New Caledonia. Annals of the American Association of Geographers106(1): 167–185.
106.
HorowitzLS (2017a) Indigenous by association: legitimation and grassroots engagements with multinational mining in New Caledonia. In: HorowitzLSWattsMJ (eds) Grassroots Environmental Governance: Community Engagements with Industry. London: Routledge, pp. 80–100.
107.
HorowitzLS (2017b) ‘It shocks me, the place of women’: intersectionality and mining companies’ retrogradation of Indigenous women in New Caledonia. Gender, Place & Culture24(10): 1419–1440.
108.
HorowitzLS (2017c) Power, cooptation, and the multiplicity of response assemblages: an example from New Caledonia. Dialogues in Human Geography7(2): 192–196.
109.
HorowitzLS (forthcoming) Contractual violence: Impact-Benefit Agreements and the violent exclusions hidden by “consent”. In: BehzadiNEDoeringNPostarS (eds.) Extraction/Exclusion: Beyond Binaries in Resource Knowledge and Practice. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield.
110.
HorowitzLSKeelingALévesqueF, et al. (2018) Indigenous peoples’ relationships to large-scale mining in post/colonial contexts: toward multidisciplinary comparative perspectives. The Extractive Industries and Society5(3): 404–414.
111.
HorwitzMJ (1977) The Transformation of American Law, 1780-1860. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
112.
Howard-WagnerDBarghMAltamirano-JiménezI (2018) From new paternalism to new imaginings of possibilities in Australia, Canada and Aotearoa/New Zealand: indigenous rights and recognition and the state in the neoliberal age. In: Howard-WagnerDBarghMAltamirano-JiménezI (eds) The Neoliberal State, Recognition and Indigenous Rights: New Paternalism to New Imaginings. Canberra: ANU Press, pp. 1–39.
113.
HuberM (2018) Resource geographies I. Progress in Human Geography42(1): 148–159.
114.
HuberM (2019) Resource geography II: What makes resources political?Progress in Human Geography43(3): 553–564.
115.
ICMM (International Council on Mining and Metals) (2013) Indigenous Peoples and Mining: Position Statement. London: ICMM.
JessopB (1995) The regulation approach, governance and post-Fordism: Alternative perspectives on economic and political change?Economy and Society24(3): 307–333.
118.
JungC (2003) The politics of indigenous identity: neoliberalism, cultural rights, and the Mexican Zapatistas. Social Research70(2): 433–462.
119.
KamaK (2020) Resource-making controversies: knowledge, anticipatory politics and economization of unconventional fossil fuels. Progress in Human Geography44(2): 333–356.
120.
KarlssonBG (2003) Anthropology and the ‘indigenous slot’: claims to and debates about indigenous peoples’ status in India. Critique of Anthropology23(4): 403–423.
121.
KempDOwenJR (2017) Corporate Readiness and the human rights risks of applying FPIC in the global mining industry. Business and Human Rights Journal2(1): 163–169.
122.
KennedyD (1976) Form and substance in private law adjudication. Harvard Law Review89: 1685–1778.
123.
KhatarinaJ (2018) Palm oil in Indonesia and natural resources management: Why the lack of a legal framework?Australian Journal of Asian Law19(1): 1–17.
124.
KirschS (1997) Is Ok Tedi a precedent? Implications of the lawsuit. In: BanksGBallardC (eds) The Ok Tedi Settlement: Issues, Outcomes and Implications. Canberra: National Centre for Development Studies, pp.118–140.
125.
KirschS (2012) Juridification of Indigenous politics. In: EckertJDonahoeBStrümpellC, et al. (eds) Law against the State: Ethnographic Forays into Law’s Transformations. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 23–43.
126.
KirschS (2018) Engaged Anthropology: Politics Beyond the Text. Oakland: University of California Press.
127.
KochNPerreaultT (2019) Resource nationalism. Progress in Human Geography43(4): 611–631.
128.
KoglA (2008) Strange Places: The Political Potentials and Perils of Everyday Spaces. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books.
129.
KuehlsT (1996) Beyond Sovereign Territory: The Space of Ecopolitics. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
130.
LaiC (2012) The racial triangulation of space: the case of urban renewal in san Francisco’s Fillmore district. Annals of the Association of American Geographers102(1): 151–170.
131.
LaplanteLJSpearsSA (2008) Out of the conflict zone: the case for community consent processes in the extractive sector. Yale Human Rights & Development Law Journal11: 69–116.
132.
LawrenceCRIII (1987) The id, the ego, and equal protection: Reckoning with unconscious racism. Stanford Law Review39(2): 317–388.
133.
LawrenceRMoritzS (2019) Mining industry perspectives on indigenous rights: corporate complacency and political uncertainty. The Extractive Industries and Society6: 41–49.
134.
LedesmaMCCalderónD (2015) Critical race theory in education: a review of past literature and a look to the future. Qualitative Inquiry21(3): 206–222.
135.
LefebvreH (1991 [1974]) The Production of Space. Oxford: Blackwell.
136.
LiTM (2000) Articulating indigenous identity in Indonesia: resource politics and the tribal slot. Comparative Studies in Society and History42(1): 149–179.
137.
LiTM (2010) To make live or let die? Rural dispossession and the protection of surplus populations. Antipode41(1): 66–93.
138.
LippmannS (2005) Public airwaves, private interests: competing visions and ideological capture in the regulation of U.S. broadcasting, 1920-1934. In: PrechelH (ed) Politics and the Corporation. Bingley: Emerald Group Publishing, pp. 109–148.
139.
LoweryMM (2009) Telling our own stories: Lumbee history and the federal acknowledgment process. American Indian Quarterly33(4): 499–522.
140.
LucarelloJF (2010) The praise of silly: Critical Legal Studies and the Roberts Court. Touro Law Review26: 619–647.
141.
LukesS (2005) Power: A Radical ViewHoundmills: Palgrave Macmillan.
142.
MacInnesAColchesterMWhitmoreA (2017) Free, prior and informed consent: how to rectify the devastating consequences of harmful mining for indigenous peoples. Perspectives in Ecology and Conservation15(3): 152–160.
143.
MacKinnonCA (1978) Sexual Harassment of Working Women: A Case of Sex Discrimination. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
144.
MacLeanJ (forthcoming) Industry-Indigenous IBAs, confidentiality, and sustainability. In: NewmanDOdumosu-AyanuI (eds) Law and Politics of Indigenous-Industry Agreements. London: Routledge.
145.
MahantySMcDermottCL (2013) How does ‘Free, Prior and Informed Consent (FPIC) impact social equity? Lessons from mining and forestry and their implications for REDD+. Land Use Policy35: 406–416.
146.
MannM (2013) The Sources of Social Power. Volume 4: Globalizations, 1945-2011. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
147.
MarshallA-M (2003) Injustice frames, legality, and the everyday construction of sexual harassment. Law & Social Inquiry28(3): 659–689.
148.
MarxK (1936 [1867]) Capital: A Critique of Political Economy. New York, NY: The Modern Library.
149.
MatteiUNaderL (2008) Plunder: When the Rule of Law Is Illegal. Malden, MA: Blackwell.
150.
McCarthyJ (2019) Authoritarianism, populism, and the environment: comparative experiences, insights, and perspectives. Annals of the American Association of Geographers109(2): 301–313.
151.
McKenzie-JonesP (2014) Evolving voices of dissent: the workshops on American Indian affairs, 1956-1972. American Indian Quarterly38(2): 207–236.
152.
MeléDArmengouJ (2016) Moral legitimacy in controversial projects and its relationship with social license to operate: a case study. Journal of Business Ethics136: 729–742.
153.
MemmiA (1985 (1957)) Portrait du Colonisé. Paris: Gallimard.
154.
Menkel-MeadowC (1988) Feminist legal theory, critical legal studies, and legal education or “the fem-crits go to law school”. Journal of Legal Education38(1/2): 61–85.
155.
MitnickBM (2011) Capturing “capture”: definition and mechanisms. In: Levi-FaurD (ed) Handbook on the Politics of Regulation. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, pp. 34–49.
156.
MustafaD (2001) Colonial law, contemporary water issues in Pakistan. Political Geography20(7): 817–837.
157.
NadasdyP (2005) Transcending the debate over the ecologically noble Indian: Indigenous peoples and environmentalism. Ethnohistory52(2): 291–331.
158.
NapoleonVFriedlandH (2014) Indigenous legal traditions: roots to renaissance. In: DubberMDHörnleT (eds) The Oxford Handbook of Criminal Law. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
159.
NeacsuED (2000) CLS stands for critical legal studies, if anyone remembers. Journal of Law and Policy8(2): 415–453.
160.
NicholsPM (2013) Are facilitating payments legal?Virginia Journal of International Law54(1): 127–155.
161.
O’ConnorJ (1991) On the two contradictions of capitalism. Capitalism Nature Socialism2(3): 107–109.
162.
O’FaircheallaighC (2008) Negotiating cultural heritage? Aboriginal–mining company agreements in Australia. Development and Change39(1): 25–51.
163.
O’FaircheallaighC (2016) Negotiations in the Indigenous World: Aboriginal Peoples and the Extractive Industry in Australia and Canada. New York, NY: Routledge.
164.
O’SullivanNO’DwyerB (2015) The structuration of issue-based fields: social accountability, social movements and the Equator Principles issue-based field. Accounting, Organizations and Society43: 33–55.
165.
OrzeckRHaeL (2020) Restructuring legal geography. Progress in Human Geography44(5): 832–851.
166.
OwenJRKempD (2013) Social licence and mining: a critical perspective. Resources Policy38: 29–35.
167.
OwenJRKempD (2014) ‘Free prior and informed consent’, social complexity and the mining industry: establishing a knowledge base. Resources Policy41: 91–100.
168.
PapillonMRodonT (2017) Proponent-Indigenous agreements and the implementation of the right to free, prior, and informed consent in Canada. Environmental Impact Assessment Review62: 216–224.
169.
PargalSWheelerD (1996) Informal regulation of industrial pollution in developing countries: evidence from Indonesia. Journal of Political Economy104(6): 1314–1327.
170.
PasternakS (2016) The fiscal body of sovereignty: to ‘make live’ in Indian country. Settler Colonial Studies6(4): 317–338.
171.
PavelCELefkowitzD (2018) Skeptical challenges to international law. Philosophy Compass13(8): e12511.
172.
PeetR (2002) Ideology, discourse, and the geography of hegemony: from socialist to neoliberal development in postapartheid South Africa. Antipode34(1): 54.
173.
PerinC (1977) Everything in its Place: Social Order and Land Use in America. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
174.
PerreaultT (2006) From the Guerra del Agua to the Guerra del gas: resource governance, neoliberalism and popular protest in Bolivia. Antipode38(1): 150–172.
175.
Peterson St-LaurentGBillonPL (2015) Staking claims and shaking hands: impact and benefit agreements as a technology of government in the mining sector. The Extractive Industries and Society2(3): 590–602.
176.
PintoLEBlueLE (2017) Aboriginal entrepreneurship financing in Canada. Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies9(1): 2–20.
177.
RadcliffeSA (2015) Dilemmas of Difference: Indigenous Women and the Limits of Postcolonial Development Policy. Durham: Duke University Press.
178.
RadcliffeSA (2017) Geography and indigeneity I: indigeneity, coloniality and knowledge. Progress in Human Geography41(2): 220–229.
179.
RadcliffeSA (2018) Geography and indigeneity II: critical geographies of Indigenous bodily politics. Progress in Human Geography42(3): 436–445.
180.
RadcliffeSA (2020) Geography and indigeneity III: co-articulation of colonialism and capitalism in indigeneity’s economies. Progress in Human Geography44: 374–388.
181.
RichardsDG (2004) Intellectual Property Rights and Global Capitalism: The Political Economy of the TRIPS Agreement. Armonk, NY: M.E. Sharpe.
182.
Rifai-HasanPA (2009) Development, power, and the mining industry in Papua: a study of freeport Indonesia. Journal of Business Ethics89: 129–143.
183.
RisseTSikkinkK (1999) The socialization of international human rights norms into domestic practices: introduction. In: RisseTRoppSCSikkinkK (eds) The Power of Human Rights: International Norms and Domestic Change. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 1–38.
184.
RobinsonDFRavenM (2020) Recognising Indigenous customary law of totemic plant species: challenges and pathways. The Geographical Journal186(1): 31–44.
185.
RosenbergGN (2008) The hollow hope: Can courts bring about social change?2nd edn. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
186.
SafranskyS (2020) Geographies of algorithmic violence: redlining the smart city. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research44(2): 200–218.
187.
SaidE (1978) Orientalism. London and Henley: Routledge & Kegan Paul.
188.
SandersAJPFordRMMulyaniL, et al. (2019) Unrelenting games: multiple negotiations and landscape transformations in the tropical peatlands of Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. World Development117: 196–210.
189.
SawyerS (2004) Crude Chronicles: Indigenous Politics, Multinational Oil, and Neoliberalism in Ecuador. Durham: Duke University Press.
190.
SchachterJS (2011) Ely at the altar: political process theory through the lens of the marriage debate. Michigan Law Review109(8): 1363–1411.
191.
SchumannC (2018) Competing meanings: negotiating prior consultation in Brazil. The Journal of Latin American and Caribbean Anthropology23(3): 541–559.
192.
ScottJC (1985) Weapons of the Weak: Everyday forms of Peasant Resistance. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
193.
Selverston-ScherM (2001) Ethnopolitics in Ecuador: Indigenous Rights and the Strengthening of Democracy. Coral Gables, FL: North-South Center Press at the University of Miami.
194.
ShreveBG (2011) Red Power Rising: The National Indian Youth Council and the Origins of Native Activism. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press.
195.
SilvernSE (1999) Scales of justice: law, American Indian treaty rights and the political construction of scale. Political Geography18(6): 639–668.
196.
SimmonsBA (2013) From ratification to compliance: quantitative evidence on the spiral model. In: RisseTRoppSCSikkinkK (eds) The Persistent Power of Human Rights: From Commitment to Compliance. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 43–59.
197.
StricklandR (1986) Genocide-at-law: an historic and contemporary view of the Native American experience. University of Kansas Law Review34(4): 713–756.
198.
SundbergJ (2015) Ethics, entanglement, and political ecology. In: PerreaultTBridgeGMcCarthyJ (eds) The Routledge Handbook of Political Ecology. London: Routledge, pp. 117–126.
199.
SzablowskiD (2019) “Legal enclosure” and resource extraction: territorial transformation through the enclosure of local and Indigenous law. The Extractive Industries and Society6(3): 722–732.
200.
Tarras-WahlbergHCronjéFReynekeS, et al. (2017) Meeting local community needs: the cases of iron ore mining in Sweden and South Africa. The Extractive Industries and Society4: 652–660.
201.
TaylorC (1992) Multiculturalism and “The Politics of Recognition”. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
202.
TaylorJJ (2008) Naming the land: san countermapping in Namibia’s West Caprivi. Geoforum39(5): 1766–1775.
203.
TheriaultN (2019) Unravelling the strings attached: Philippine indigeneity in law and practice. Journal of Southeast Asian Studies50(1): 107–128.
204.
ThompsonEP (1975) Whigs and Hunters: The Origin of the Black Act. London: Allen Lane.
205.
ThorntonDKaganRAGunninghamN (2009) When social norms and pressures are not enough: environmental performance in the trucking industry. Law & Society Review43(2): 405–436.
206.
TickellAPeckJA (1996) Social regulation after Fordism: regulation theory, neo-liberalism and the global-local nexus. Economy and Society24(3): 357–386.
207.
TockmanJ (2018) Eliding consent in extractivist states: Bolivia, Canada, and the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples. International Journal of Human Rights22(3): 325–349.
208.
ToddZ (2018) Refracting the State through human-fish relations: fishing, Indigenous legal orders and colonialism in North/Western Canada. Decolonization: Indigeneity, Education & Society7(1): 60–75.
209.
TomlinsonK (2019) Indigenous rights and extractive resource projects: negotiations over the policy and implementation of FPIC. The International Journal of Human Rights23(5): 880–897.
210.
van DijkTA (1998) Ideology: A Multidisciplinary Approach. London: SAGE.
211.
van HolsteinEHeadL (2018) Shifting settler-colonial discourses of environmentalism: representations of indigeneity and migration in Australian conservation. Geoforum94: 41–52.
212.
WalchMC (1983) Terminating the Indian termination policy. Stanford Law Review35(6): 1181–1215.
213.
WarriorDC (2007) Education, art, and activism. In: CobbDMFowlerL (eds) Beyond Red Power: American Indian Politics and Activism Since 1900. Santa Fe: School for Advanced Research Press, pp.291–302.
214.
WattsM (2004) Resource curse? governmentality, oil and power in the Niger Delta, Nigeria. Geopolitics9(1): 50–80.
215.
WaylenG (1996) Gender in Third World Politics. Boulder: Lynne Rienner.
216.
WeatherdonMS (2017) Indigenous knowledge and contested spirituality in Canadian nuclear waste management. Journal for the Study of Religion, Nature and Culture11(1): 86–108.
217.
WeberM (1946) Politics as a vocation. In: GerthHHMillsCW (eds) From Max Weber: Essays in Sociology. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, pp. 77–128.
218.
WelchJRBrondízioESHetrickSS, et al. (2013) Indigenous burning as conservation practice: neotropical savanna recovery amid agribusiness deforestation in central brazil. PLoS ONE8(12): 1–10.
219.
WelkerMA (2009) “Corporate security begins in the community”: mining, the Corporate Social Responsibility industry, and environmental advocacy in Indonesia. Cultural Anthropology24(1): 142–179.
220.
WilliamsRA (1987) Taking rights aggressively: the perils and promise of critical legal theory for peoples of color. Law & Inequality: A journal of theory and practice5(1): 103–134.
221.
WilliamsRA (1989) Documents of barbarism: the contemporary legacy of European racism and colonialism in the narrative traditions of federal Indian law. Arizona Law Review31: 237–278.
222.
WilsonE (2016) What is the social licence to operate? Local perceptions of oil and gas projects in Russia’s Komi Republic and Sakhalin Island. The Extractive Industries and Society3(1): 73–81.
223.
WoodMCBradyAEKeenanBJr. (2018) Tribal tools & legal levers for halting fossil fuel transport & exports through the Pacific Northwest. American Indian Law Journal7(1): 249–357.
224.
World Bank (2017) The World Bank Environmental and Social Framework. Washington, DC: The World Bank.
225.
World People’s Conference on Climate Change and the Rights of Mother Earth (April22, 2010) Universal Declaration of Rights of Mother Earth. Cochabamba, Bolivia.
226.
WörsdörferM (2015) Equator principles: Bridging the gap between economics and ethics?Business and Society Review120(2): 205–243.
227.
YandleB (2011) Bootleggers and Baptists in the theory of regulation. In: Levi-FaurD (ed) Handbook on the Politics of Regulations. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, pp. 25–33.
228.
YbarraM (2013) ‘You Cannot measure a Tzuultaq’a’: cultural politics at the limits of liberal legibility. Antipode45(3): 584–601.
229.
ZanottoJM (2020) The role of discourses in enacting neoliberal urbanism: understanding the relationship between ideology and discourse in planning. Planning Theory19(1): 104–126.
